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51.

State the laws of refraction. 

Answer»

First law: the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal drawn at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane. 

Second law: the ratio of the sine of the angle of the incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media and given wavelength (color) of light.

52.

What happens to the direction of the incident ray when it travels from (a) optically denser medium to rarer medium & (b) optically rarer medium to denser medium? 

Answer»

(a) It bends away from the normal 

(b) It bends towards the normal  

53.

How can you increase magnifying power of compound microscope?

Answer»

For compound microscope, f0 and fe should be small. To enlarge visible region f0 < fe.

54.

Total internal reflection occurs, when :(a) Light travels from optically rarer medium to optically denser medium(b) Light travels from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium(c) Refractive indices of both medium are equal(d) Refractive indices of both medium are different

Answer»

(b) Light travels from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium
Total internal reflection occurs, when light travels from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium.

55.

An observer is watching the Stars to be twinkle on Earth. The cause is :(a) It is true that Stars do not emit light continuously(b) Frequency absorption of light of Stars by atmosphere of their own(c) Frequency absorption of light of Stars by atmosphere of Earth(d) Increase and decrease of the refractive index in atmosphere of Earth

Answer»

(d) Increase and decrease of the refractive index in atmosphere of Earth
Twinkling of Stars is possible due to increase or decrease of refractive index in atmosphere of Earth.

56.

For the same value of angle of incidence, the angles of refraction in three media A, B and C are 15° , 25° and 35° respectively. in which medium would the velocity of light be minimum?

Answer»

We know that the refractive index of the material \(n=\frac{c}{v};\) where is the velocity of light. Refractive index shows the material’s bending power of light. Hence for same value of angle of incidence the material in which angles of refraction is minimum that would have greatest refractive index \((n=\frac{sin\,i}{sin\,r})\). So, A has maximum refractive index and hence velocity of light is minimum in it.

57.

What is the cause of rainbow?

Answer»

The reason of formation of rainbow is the dispersion of sunlight by small water drops present in the atmosphere.

58.

The power of convex lens is :(a) Negative(b) Positive(c) Zero(d) Imaginary

Answer»

(b) Positive
The power of convex lens is positive.

59.

For equal angle of incidence, the angle of refraction for three medium A B and C are 15°, 25° and 35°. In which medium the velocity of light will be minimum?

Answer»

Refractive index of medium
µ = \(\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}\)
Here, sin i = constant
∴ µ ∝ \(\frac{1}{\sin r}\)
∴ rA = 15°, rB = 25°, rC = 35°
∴ sinrA < sinrB < sinrC
∴ µA > µB > µC
So, velocity of light is minimum in medium A

60.

What is the cause of refraction?

Answer»

The main cause of refraction is that speed of light is different in different medium.

61.

A covexo-convex lens of refractive index 1.47 is dipped in a liquid, then it behaves like a simple plane sheet of glass. It means, the refractive index of liquid is :(a) Greater than the refractive index of glass(b) Less than the refractive index of glass(c) Equal to the refractive index of glass(d) Less than one

Answer»

(c) Equal to the refractive index of glass
The refractive index of liquid is equal to the refractive index of glass.