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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

51.

What does RMS stand for?(a) rate monotonic scheduling(b) rate machine scheduling(c) rate monotonic software(d) rate machine softwareI had been asked this question by my school principal while I was bunking the class.This intriguing question originated from Task Swapping Methods topic in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (a) rate monotonic scheduling

Easiest EXPLANATION: The rate monotonic scheduling is a METHOD that is USED to assign PRIORITY for a pre-emptive system such that the correct execution can be guaranteed.

52.

Which filesystem is used in the Windows 95?(a) FAT(b) HPFS(c) VFAT(d) NTFSI have been asked this question in homework.My doubt stems from Characteristics of Windows NT topic in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (c) VFAT

The best I can explain: The VFAT is USED in the Windows 95 and it also supports LONG FILE names.

53.

Which filesystem of Linux has mass storage devices?(a) physical file system(b) temporary file system(c) ram(d) registerThis question was posed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.The doubt is from Linux-II in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (a) physical FILE system

The explanation: The physical file system has MASS storage devices such as hard DISKS and floppy which are allocated to parts of the logical file system.

54.

Which of the following has the same instruction set as that of the Windows NT?(a) WIN32(b) WIN4(c) WIN24(d) WIN16I got this question at a job interview.My question comes from Resource Protection topic in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (a) WIN32

The best I can EXPLAIN: WIN32is used for the Windows NT applications and is also known as even NATIVE which uses the same instruction set as that of the Windows NT and therefore do not NEED to emulate a different ARCHITECTURE.

55.

Which of the following unit protects the memory?(a) bus interface unit(b) execution unit(c) memory management unit(d) peripheral unitThe question was posed to me during a job interview.The above asked question is from Resource Protection in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right answer is (C) memory MANAGEMENT UNIT

The explanation is: The resources have to be protected in an embedded system and the most important resource to be protected is the memory which is protected by the memory management unit through different programming.

56.

Which of the following is not a standalone product?(a) pREC+ runtime support(b) pSOS+m(c) pSOS+(d) pSOS+ kernelThis question was addressed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.This question is from Commercial Operating Systems in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (a) PREC+ runtime support

Explanation: The pREC+ is not a standalone PRODUCT it uses pSOS+m or pSOS+ for the input/output DEVICES and task functions and CALLS the PHILE+ for the file and disk I/O.

57.

Which of the following are not dependent on the actual hardware performing the physical task?(a) applications(b) hardware(c) registers(d) parameter blockThis question was posed to me in an interview for job.I need to ask this question from Operating Systems in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer» RIGHT answer is (d) PARAMETER block

The explanation: The kernel can locate the parameter block by using an address pointer which is STORED in the predetermined address register. These parameter blocks are standard throughout the operating system, that is, they are not dependent on the actual hardware performing the PHYSICAL task.
58.

Which of the following supports seven interrupt priority level?(a) kernel(b) operating system(c) VMEbus(d) data busI got this question in an interview for job.Enquiry is from Priority Inversion topic in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct answer is (c) VMEBUS

Easiest explanation: The VMEbus SUPPORTS seven interrupt priority LEVEL which allows the prioritisation of the RESOURCES.

59.

Which of the following determines the next task in the time slice method of task swapping?(a) scheduling program(b) scheduling application(c) scheduling algorithm(d) scheduling taskI got this question in class test.The query is from Task Swapping Methods in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct option is (c) SCHEDULING ALGORITHM

Easiest explanation: The time SLICE mechanism can ALSO be used as a scheduling method in which the task to run next is determined by the scheduling algorithm.

60.

Which of the following can make the application program hardware independent?(a) software(b) application manager(c) operating system(d) kernelI got this question during an interview.I'd like to ask this question from Operating Systems in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»
61.

Which of the following is the first version of the UNIX operating system?(a) PDP-2(b) Linux(c) MS-DOS(d) PDP-7I got this question in homework.Origin of the question is Linux topic in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer» CORRECT option is (d) PDP-7

Best explanation: The PDP-7 processor is the FIRST version of the UNIX which has a new filing SYSTEM and new UTILITIES.
62.

Which of the following can provide portability across different processor-based platforms?(a) File system(b) HAL(c) NTFS(d) FATI got this question in class test.I would like to ask this question from Characteristics of Windows NT in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»
63.

Which mechanism can control the access?(a) in-situ(b) spin-lock(c) ex-situ(d) both in-situ and ex-situI had been asked this question in exam.Question is taken from Resource Protection topic in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right answer is (b) spin-lock

To ELABORATE: Both the MEMORY and the HARDWARE part are protected by the memory management unit and the hardware such as the input-output devices are protected, These are prevented from the direct access. These accesses are made through a DEVICE driver and this device driver can control the serial port. Such a mechanism is called spin-lock mechanism which provides the control access.

64.

Which of the following allows a lower priority task to run despite the higher priority task is active and waiting to preempt?(a) message queue(b) message passing(c) semaphore(d) priority inversionThis question was addressed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.My question is taken from Priority Inversion topic in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct answer is (d) priority INVERSION

Explanation: The priority inversion mechanism where the lower priority TASK can CONTINUE to RUN despite there being a higher priority task active and waiting to preempt.

65.

Which of the following is a UNIX clone?(a) XENIX(b) Windows 3.1(c) Windows NT(d) LinuxThis question was posed to me in homework.My question is taken from Linux topic in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer» CORRECT option is (a) XENIX

For explanation: The XENIX is a UNIX CLONE DEVELOPED by the Motorola in the YEAR 2979 and is ported to many processors.
66.

How many level priority scheme does the scheduling used in the kernel?(a) 8(b) 16(c) 32(d) 64This question was posed to me in semester exam.My question comes from Characteristics of Windows NT-II in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (c) 32

For explanation: The scheduling SUPPORT in the kernel support 32 level priority scheme and it can be used to SCHEDULE threads rather than processes.

67.

Which of the following are coupled in the Windows NT for the resource protection?(a) kernel mode and user mode(b) user mode and protected mode(c) protected mode and real mode(d) virtual mode and kernel modeThis question was posed to me in an online quiz.This intriguing question originated from Resource Protection topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (a) KERNEL MODE and user mode

To explain I would say: The user mode and the kernel mode are coupled with the resource protection and this RESILIENCE in Windows NT is a big advantage over the MS-DOS and the Windows 3.1.

68.

Which of the following is a system level debugger which provides the low-level debugging facilities and the system debugging?(a) pROBE+ system level debugger(b) pNA+ network manager(c) pHILE+ file system(d) pNA+ network managerThe question was posed to me during an interview.Question is from Commercial Operating Systems-II topic in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct option is (a) PROBE+ system level DEBUGGER

For explanation I would say: The pROBE+ system level debugger which can PROVIDE the system DEBUGGING and the low level debugging.

69.

Which of the following bus can easily upgrade the system hardware?(a) control bus(b) data bus(c) VMEbus(d) bus interface unitThe question was posed to me during an internship interview.This intriguing question originated from Operating Systems in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct option is (c) VMEbus

To EXPLAIN I would say: The software can be easily MOVED from one system to another which is more IMPORTANT for designing embedded systems, ESPECIALLY for those which use an industry standard bus such as VMEbus, in which the system HARDWARE can be expanded or upgraded.

70.

Which task swap method works in a regular periodic point?(a) pre-emption(b) time slice(c) schedule algorithm(d) cooperative multitaskingThis question was addressed to me in homework.This is a very interesting question from Task Swapping Methods in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (b) time slice

Easy explanation: The time slicing works by SWITCHING task in regular periodic points in time, that is, any task that NEEDS to run NEXT will have to wait until the current time slice is COMPLETED.

71.

Which of the following does not uses a shared memory?(a) process(b) thread(c) task(d) kernelThe question was asked by my school principal while I was bunking the class.This question is from Tasks,Threads and Process topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct option is (a) process

The explanation is: The program in EXECUTION is known as the process. The process does not share the memory space but the THREADS have a SHARED memory address. When the CPU switches from process to another, the current INFORMATION is stored in the process descriptor.

72.

Which file type of Linux is similar to the regular file type?(a) named pipe(b) directories(c) regular file(d) special fileThe question was posed to me in an interview.The origin of the question is Linux-II in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) named pipe

To elaborate: Among the LINUX FILES, the regular file type is SIMILAR to the named pipe but these are restricted in size. On the other hand, the regular file does not have restrictions.

73.

Which character is known as a root directory?(a) ^(b) &(c) &&(d) /I got this question in unit test.I need to ask this question from Linux in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (d) /

For explanation I would SAY: The CHARACTER / is USED at the beginning of the file name or the path name which is used as the starting point and is KNOWN as the ROOT directory or root.

74.

Which procedure in the kernel allows the thread to wait until a specific resource is available?(a) synchronisation(b) scheduling(c) scheduling and synchronisation(d) lpcThis question was addressed to me in a national level competition.I'm obligated to ask this question of Characteristics of Windows NT-II in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (a) SYNCHRONISATION

The explanation: The synchronisation PROCEDURE will allow the thread to wait until a specific RESOURCE such as semaphore, OBJECT etc are available.

75.

Which mode uses 16 higher real-time class priority levels?(a) real mode(b) user mode(c) kernel mode(d) protected modeI have been asked this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.This question is from Resource Protection-II in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct answer is (C) kernel mode

Easiest explanation: The kernel mode processes use the 16 higher real-time CLASS PRIORITY levels and the operating system processes will take the preference over the USER applications.

76.

Which of the following can be used to refer to entities within the RTOS?(a) threads(b) kernels(c) system(d) applicationsI have been asked this question in an internship interview.This is a very interesting question from Tasks,Threads and Process in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right option is (a) threads

The best I can EXPLAIN: The threads and processes can be used to refer to entities within the RTOS. They provide an interchangeable replacement for the task. They have a slight difference in their function. A PROCESS is a program in EXECUTION and it has its own ADDRESS space whereas threads have a shared address space. The task can be defined as a set of instructions which can be LOADED into the memory.

77.

Which kernel allows the multiple tasks which use the same routine?(a) pREC+ runtime support(b) pSOS+m(c) pSOS+(d) pSOS+ kernelThis question was posed to me in final exam.My question comes from Commercial Operating Systems in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (a) pREC+ runtime support

Explanation: The pREC+ runtime support kernel’s routines are reentrant that allows the MULTIPLE tasks to use the same ROUTINE simultaneously.

78.

Which of the following is an asynchronous bus?(a) VMEbus(b) timer(c) data bus(d) address busThe question was posed to me in an online interview.This interesting question is from Priority Inversion in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) VMEbus

Explanation: The VMEbus is based on Eurocard sizes and is ASYNCHRONOUS which is similar to the MC68000.

79.

Which of the following is a part of RTOS kernel?(a) memory(b) input(c) ISR(d) registerThe question was asked in an interview.The query is from Priority Inversion topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (c) ISR

Explanation: The ISR can SEND the message for the tasks and it is a PART of RTOS KERNEL.

80.

Which of the following task swapping method is a better choice in the embedded systems design?(a) RMS(b) pre-emptive(c) cooperative multitasking(d) time sliceThis question was posed to me during an interview.My question is from Task Swapping Methods topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (b) pre-emptive

The best explanation: The pre-emptive method of TASK swapping is the FIRST choice for embedded system DESIGN because of its better system response.

81.

Which determines the sequence and the associated task’s priority?(a) scheduling algorithm(b) ready list(c) task control block(d) application registerI have been asked this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.I'm obligated to ask this question of Multitasking Operating Systems in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) scheduling ALGORITHM

Explanation: The scheduling algorithm DETERMINES the SEQUENCE and an associated task’s PRIORITY. It also determines the present status of the task.

82.

Which interrupt provides system clock in the context switching?(a) software interrupt(b) hardware interrupt(c) peripheral(d) memoryI have been asked this question during an online interview.My query is from Multitasking Operating Systems topic in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right answer is (b) hardware interrupt

The explanation is: The multitasking operating systems DEALS with the multitasking kernel which controls the time slicing MECHANISM and the time period required for each task for execution before it is stopped and replaced during a context switch is known as the time slice which are PERIODICALLY triggered by a hardware interrupt from the system timer. This hardware interrupt provides the system clock in which several interrupts are EXECUTED and COUNTED before a context switch is performed.

83.

Which filesystem of the Linux can be implemented on a system with two hard disks?(a) logical file system(b) physical file system(c) special file type system(d) regular file type systemThe question was posed to me in final exam.My query is from Linux-II topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (a) logical file system

To ELABORATE: The physical file system is ALLOCATED to the parts of the logical file system. The logical file system can be implemented on a system with two HARD disks by the allocation of the bin DIRECTORY under the hard disk 1 and the file subsystem under the hard disk 2.

84.

Which of the following provides a link between the user processes and threads and the hardware?(a) I/O driver(b) File system(c) Memory(d) LPCThe question was posed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.This intriguing question originated from Characteristics of Windows NT topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (a) I/O DRIVER

Best EXPLANATION: The I/O driver is also a part of the kernel. These can PROVIDE a link between the threads and the processes and the hardware. The Windows NT driver is not compatible with the MS-DOS and Windows 3.1 drivers.
85.

What is the size of the swap file in Windows 3.1?(a) 25 Mbytes(b) 30 Mbytes(c) 50 Mbytes(d) 100 MbytesI have been asked this question during an interview.This interesting question is from Resource Protection-II topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (b) 30 Mbytes

To EXPLAIN: The WINDOWS 3.1 have a swap FILE of size 25 Mbytes.

86.

Which of the following is a compiler independent run-time environment for C applications?(a) pSOS multiprocessor kernel(b) pSOS(c) pSOS+(d) pREC+ runtime supportI got this question during an interview.This intriguing question comes from Commercial Operating Systems in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (d) pREC+ runtime support

The best explanation: The pREC+ is a COMPILER INDEPENDENT runtime ENVIRONMENT for the C PROGRAM applications.

87.

Which of the following is not a priority based?(a) priority inversion(b) message passing(c) fairness system(d) message queuingThe question was posed to me in homework.This question is from Priority Inversion topic in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right option is (c) fairness system

Explanation: The fairness system allows the system which requires DIFFERENT characteristics from those originally provided and the system RESPONSE that is not a PRIORITY based. The fairness system is not a priority based on where the bus access is distributed across the REQUESTING processors.

88.

What type of interrupt handling is seen in multiprocessor applications?(a) centralised interrupt(b) handled by one MASTER(c) distributed handling(d) shared handlingI had been asked this question in my homework.The query is from Priority Inversion topic in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct answer is (c) DISTRIBUTED handling

The BEST explanation: The MULTIPROCESSOR applications allows distributed handling in which the direct communication with the INDIVIDUAL masters is possible.

89.

Which task method follows a currently running task to be stopped by a higher priority task?(a) scheduling algorithm(b) time slice(c) cooperative multitasking(d) pre-emptionThe question was posed to me during a job interview.I'd like to ask this question from Task Swapping Methods in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (d) pre-emption

To explain: The pre-emption is an alternative METHOD of the time slice where the currently RUNNING task can be stopped or PREEMPTED or switched out by a higher priority ACTIVE task.

90.

The special tale in the multitasking operating system is also known as(a) task control block(b) task access block(c) task address block(d) task allocating blockThe question was posed to me during an interview.This interesting question is from Multitasking Operating Systems topic in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (a) TASK control block

For explanation I would SAY: When a context switch is performed, the current program or task is interrupted, so the processor’s registers are saved in a SPECIAL table which is known as task control block.

91.

Which of the following decides which task can have the next time slot?(a) single task operating system(b) applications(c) kernel(d) softwareI got this question during an online interview.Asked question is from Multitasking Operating Systems in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct choice is (c) kernel

Explanation: The operating system kernel decides which task can have the next time slot. So instead of the task EXECUTING continuously until COMPLETION, the execution of the PROCESSOR is INTERLEAVED with the other tasks.

92.

How many types of Linux files are typically used?(a) 2(b) 3(c) 4(d) 5The question was posed to me during an interview.I want to ask this question from Linux in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct OPTION is (c) 4

Explanation: There are FOUR types of Linux files. These are regular, special, DIRECTORIES and NAMED pipes.

93.

Which of the following is similar to UNIX OS?(a) Windows NT(b) MS-DOS(c) Linux(d) Windows 3.1The question was asked by my school principal while I was bunking the class.My question is based upon Linux in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (c) LINUX

The explanation is: The Linux is similar to UNIX operating system but it is ENTIRELY different for the WINDOWS NT, MS-DOS and the Windows 3.1

94.

Which of the following is responsible for ensuring correct operation of all processes which are running within the system?(a) kernel(b) file system(c) lpc(d) user modeI had been asked this question by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.My question is taken from Characteristics of Windows NT-II topic in division Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (a) kernel

The explanation is: The kernel is responsible for ensuring the correct operation of all process which are RUNNING within the SYSTEM. It also provides the synchronisation and the SCHEDULING that the system needs.

95.

Which provides a 4 Gbyte virtual address space?(a) Windows 3.1(b) MS-DOS(c) pSOS+(d) Windows NTThis question was posed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.My enquiry is from Resource Protection topic in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Correct choice is (d) WINDOWS NT

Explanation: The virtual address SPACING in the Windows NT is SOMEWHAT different from the MS-DOS and the Windows 3.1. The Windows NT provides 4 Gbytes virtual address space for each PROCESS and that is linearly addressed using 32-bit address values.

96.

Which of the following support multi-threaded software?(a) Windows NT(b) thread(c) process(d) taskI had been asked this question during a job interview.My doubt stems from Resource Protection in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) Windows NT

To elaborate: The Windows NT SUPPORTS multi-threaded software in which the PROCESSES can support several independent PATHS or THREADS.

97.

Who had developed VRTX-32?(a) Microtec Research(b) Microwave(c) Motorola(d) IBMThe question was asked during an interview for a job.My question is based upon Commercial Operating Systems-II in section Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»
98.

How many types of messages are associated with the real-time operating system?(a) 2(b) 3(c) 4(d) 5This question was posed to me in an international level competition.I would like to ask this question from Multitasking Operating Systems in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer» RIGHT option is (a) 2

Easiest EXPLANATION: There are TWO basic types of messages associated with the real-time operating system. These are semaphores and messages.
99.

Which of the following can carry information and control task?(a) semaphore(b) messages(c) flags(d) address messageThe question was posed to me in unit test.I'm obligated to ask this question of Multitasking Operating Systems in chapter Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (b) messages

Explanation: The messages can carry INFORMATION and it can also control the task regarding the real-time OPERATING SYSTEMS. These are also known as events.

100.

Which of the following speed up the testing process?(a) kernel(b) software(c) application manager(d) program debugging toolsI got this question in an internship interview.I'm obligated to ask this question of Operating Systems topic in portion Real Time Operating systems of Embedded Systems

Answer»

Right OPTION is (d) PROGRAM debugging TOOLS

For explanation I would say: The program debugging tools can speed up the TESTING process which can make the processor faster.