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Right choice is (a) Fertile PERIOD

The EXPLANATION is: The period from 5 days before OVULATION to 5 days after ovulation is called the fertile period. During the period, there are high chances that if COITUS occurs, the SPERM can fertilize the released egg.

The correct choice is (a) Periodic abstinence

The best explanation: One of the NATURAL methods of CONTRACEPTION called periodic abstinence is used to prevent COITUS during the 10th to 17th day of the MENSTRUAL cycle. This AVOIDS the presence of sperm in the oviduct during the release of an egg.

Correct OPTION is (a) True

Easiest explanation: A contraceptive is used as a method to ENSURE HEALTHY population CONTROL. Hence it should be user-friendly, easily available, effective, and have no or least side-effects.

Right CHOICE is (a) Avoiding sperm and ovum to meet

To explain I would say: Contraceptive methods are not HARMFUL. Natural methods of CONTRACEPTION aim to prevent the meeting of ovum and sperm in the fallopian tube.

The correct ANSWER is (B) False

Explanation: Contraceptives are DESIGNED to be user-friendly. They do not interfere with SEXUAL desire and the act.

Right choice is (d) Reservation in offices for women candidates

To explain I would say: To MAINTAIN the growth rate of the INDIAN population, various steps have been taken by the government. An INCREASE in the marriageable age of males and females is one such step. Also, programs like Hum Do Humaare Do and One chid norm also play a role. Contraceptives have been promoted via Television, radio, and NEWSPAPERS. Reservation of women candidates at workplaces has to do with ANOTHER issue of inequality and injustice.

Right choice is (B) Hum Do Humare Do

Easy explanation: There has been an ENORMOUS drive across India to use contraceptive methods in order to check the POPULATION growth rate. Many ADVERTISEMENTS and posters with the SLOGAN of “Hum Do Humaare Do” have been used. This means, “We two, our two.”

Right OPTION is (b) False

Easy EXPLANATION: Population rise is tremendous. If SIGNIFICANT steps are not taken, the population would be sufficient to cause problems with INFRASTRUCTURE, food, clothing, and any resource used by humankind.

Correct CHOICE is (C) Both countries A and B will have the same population

Explanation: Population fold change= (Final population / Initial population) / (Time period)

Therefore, the population fold change for country A = (2 billion / 1 billion) / (10 years) = 2X/year

Whereas, the population fold change for country B= (800 MILLION / 160 million) / (10 years) = 5X/year

Now, population by 2030 = Population at 2020 * Population fold change * Time period between 2030 and 2020

Therefore, the population for country A at 2030 = 2 billion * 2X/year * 10 years = 4 billion

And the population for country B at 2030 = 800 million * 5X/year * 10 year = 4000 million = 4 billion

Hence both countries will have the same population at the end of 2030, after which the population of country B will remain higher than country A.

Right answer is (c) Population GROWTH rate

For EXPLANATION I would say: Population growth rate is a measure used to measure the current rate of increase in population in a given region. This can also be used to predict the population for the coming YEARS. This helps in planning and taking appropriate steps to ACCOMMODATE the new growth.

Right choice is (d) Fertility

For EXPLANATION I would SAY: Highly developed medications, treatment options, quick TRANSPORTS, increased number of hospitals have all RESULTED in a decrease in death rate, MMR, IMR, and infertility. This has resulted in a LONGER lifespan of humans and also a rise in population.

Correct OPTION is (a) maternal mortality rate

Best explanation: MMR stands for maternal mortality rate. This refers to the death post-pregnancy. DUE to increased medical facilities and improvised techniques and transport, there has been a sharp decline in MMR.

Correct choice is (b) Infant mortality rate

Easiest explanation: IMR stands for Infant Mortality Ratio. It refers to the death rate of INFANTS owing to poor health, developmental DEFICITS, or infections. Increased medications and HYGIENIC CONDITIONS have RESULTED in a decline in IMR.

Right option is (a) True

To EXPLAIN: The global population in 2000 was 6 billion. Of these, Indians NUMBERED 1 billion. THUS every 6th person should be Indian.

Right option is (a) independence

Explanation: The INDIAN POPULATION at the time of independence was 350 MILLION, which soared to 1 billion by the END of 2000. Thus, there was a huge INCREASE in population post-independence.

The CORRECT choice is (a) ORAL

Best explanation: Saheli is a contraceptive for females. It PREVENTS unwanted pregnancy. It is an oral pill. It is Ormeloxifene, MARKETED under the BRAND name Saheli. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator or SERM.

Correct choice is (c) CHROMOSOMES

Explanation: The chromosomal PATTERN in the amniotic fluid is DETECTED using the TECHNIQUE called amniocentesis. This chromosomal pattern is called karyogenesis and can be used to detect the nature of chromosomes. Hence it can be exploited to determine sex of the fetus.

Correct answer is (a) Amniocentesis

Explanation: Fetal sex determination is based on the patterns of chromosomes in the AMNIOTIC fluid PRESENT around the embryo. Hence this TEST is called amniocentesis.

The correct option is (c) Protests

Easy explanation: Governmental and non-governmental organizations have been raising awareness on reproductive health. They have used DIFFERENT media for the same. The most COMMON ONES being radio, television, newspapers, POSTERS, ETC.

The correct answer is (a) True

The best explanation: Reproductive health is not just a PROXY for organ MAINTENANCE. According to WHO, it also implies that SOCIETY is reproductively healthy, given the VARIOUS aspects associated with REPRODUCTION ranging from emotional, behavioral, and social are also appropriately maintained.

Right answer is (d) PROMOTE ABORTION

To ELABORATE: Reproductive and Child HEALTH CARE (RCH) programs were developed to cover a considerable range of reproduction-related issues. These did not encompass abortion. Abortion does not determine reproductive health.

Right ANSWER is (c) healthy REPRODUCTIVE organs and functions

Explanation: Reproductive health refers to the proper maintenance of reproductive organs and ensuring the SMOOTH FUNCTIONING of the same.