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When the User selects a function in a transaction, the system duplicate the function code into a specifically designated work field called OK_CODE. This field is GLOBAL in ABAP/4 MODULE Pool. The OK _CODE can then be calculated in the corresponding PAI module. The function code is always passed in exactly the same way, regardless of WHETHER it comes from a screen’s PUSHBUTTON, a MENU option, function key or other GUI element.

When the User selects a function in a transaction, the system duplicate the function code into a specifically designated work field called OK_CODE. This field is Global in ABAP/4 Module Pool. The OK _CODE can then be calculated in the corresponding PAI module. The function code is always passed in exactly the same way, regardless of whether it comes from a screen’s pushbutton, a menu option, function key or other GUI element.

A transaction is a set of screens and ABAP/4 ROUTINES, controlled and carry out by a Dialog processor. The Dilaog processor processes screen after the screen, thus triggering the proper ABAP/4 processing of each screen. For each screen, the system process the flow logic that contains the equivalent ABAP/4 processing. The controls passes from screen flow logic to ABAP/4 CODE and BACK.

A transaction is a set of screens and ABAP/4 routines, controlled and carry out by a Dialog processor. The Dilaog processor processes screen after the screen, thus triggering the proper ABAP/4 processing of each screen. For each screen, the system process the flow logic that contains the equivalent ABAP/4 processing. The controls passes from screen flow logic to ABAP/4 code and back.

A GUI status is a subset of the INTERFACE elements used for a definite screen. The status comprises those elements that are at present needed by the transaction.The GUI status for a transaction may be composed of the following elements:

• Title bar.
• Menu bar.
• Application TOOL bar
• PUSH buttons.

To generate and EDIT GUI status and GUI title, we use the Menu Painter.

A GUI status is a subset of the interface elements used for a definite screen. The status comprises those elements that are at present needed by the transaction.The GUI status for a transaction may be composed of the following elements:

To generate and edit GUI status and GUI title, we use the Menu Painter.

The flow control of a dynpro CONSISTS of a few STATEMENTS that syntactically reassemble ABAP/4 statements. HOWEVER, We cannot use flow control keywords in ABAP/4 and vice-versa.

The flow control of a dynpro consists of a few statements that syntactically reassemble ABAP/4 statements. However, We cannot use flow control keywords in ABAP/4 and vice-versa.

We cannot WRITE field data to the screen using the WRITE statement. The SYSTEM instead shift data by evaluating screen fields NAMES with ABAP/4 VARIABLE names. If both names are the same, it transfers screen fields values to ABAP/4 PROGRAMS fields and Vice Versa. This happens instantly after displaying the screen.

We cannot write field data to the screen using the WRITE statement. The system instead shift data by evaluating screen fields names with ABAP/4 variable names. If both names are the same, it transfers screen fields values to ABAP/4 programs fields and Vice Versa. This happens instantly after displaying the screen.

•  Screens (Dynpros).
• Each dialog in an SAP system is controlled by dynpros. A dynpros CONSISTS of a SCREEN And its flow logic and controls just one dialog step.
• ABAP/4 MODULE Pool.

Each dynpro refers to exactly one ABAP/4 dialog PROGRAM. Such a dialog program is also referred as module pool, since it consists of INTERACTIVE modules.

Each dynpro refers to exactly one ABAP/4 dialog program. Such a dialog program is also referred as module pool, since it consists of interactive modules.

A dialog program should fulfill the following requirements.

•  a user friendly user interface.
• Format and consistency CHECKS for the data entered by the user.
• EASY ALTERATION of input errors.
• Access to data by storing it in the data bases.

A dialog program should fulfill the following requirements.

There is no DIRECT assignment. You PLAN the output for a COST center first in kp26. Then you've to plan the value of that cost center which you budget for a PERIOD in kp06. Planned Activity expenditure / Planned Activity quantity gives you planned act rate which you can use to EVALUATE your activity confirmations in mfg orders. You can also define your own prices, but you have to run the price revaluation if you want to revaluate your actual activity prices.

There is no direct assignment. You plan the output for a cost center first in kp26. Then you've to plan the value of that cost center which you budget for a period in kp06. Planned Activity expenditure / Planned Activity quantity gives you planned act rate which you can use to evaluate your activity confirmations in mfg orders. You can also define your own prices, but you have to run the price revaluation if you want to revaluate your actual activity prices.

Stat key fig are not real account assignments. In simple traditional terms it is the BASE to allocate or DEFINE proportions with which the COST is allocated. SKFs are used to calculate the debit on a RECEIVER object. These values can be used for assessing common COSTS which are used by all the other cost centers.

Stat key fig are not real account assignments. In simple traditional terms it is the base to allocate or define proportions with which the cost is allocated. SKFs are used to calculate the debit on a receiver object. These values can be used for assessing common costs which are used by all the other cost centers.

You create & plan SKF.

Create USING KK01 & PLAN the parameters of SKF in KP46.

You create & plan SKF.

Create using KK01 & PLAN the parameters of SKF in KP46.

Account currency is that the GL account in which currency do you want to maintain. if you DECIDED that you want maintain in company code currency, you can post any currency in that account. If not, you want to maintain separate currency for that GL then exchange rate difference will come because the conversion rate.

Balance in local currency - some GL account can't be maintain on open ITEM basis and can't in FOREIGN currency LIKE CLEARING account and discount account etc., in such case you can assign this indicator to show the balance in local currency.

Account currency is that the GL account in which currency do you want to maintain. if you decided that you want maintain in company code currency, you can post any currency in that account. If not, you want to maintain separate currency for that GL then exchange rate difference will come because the conversion rate.

Balance in local currency - some GL account can't be maintain on open item basis and can't in foreign currency like clearing account and discount account etc., in such case you can assign this indicator to show the balance in local currency.

Client
|
Operating CONCERN
|
Controlling area1 Controlling Area 2
|
CO. Code 1 Co. Code 2
|
BUS area 1 Bus area2 Bus Area3 Bus Area 4

Client
|
Operating Concern
|
Controlling area1 Controlling Area 2
|
Co. Code 1 Co. Code 2
|
Bus area 1 Bus area2 Bus Area3 Bus Area 4

12 NORMAL posting period and 4 special PERIODS are in the FISCAL year which can be used for posting tax and audit adjustments to a CLOSED fiscal year.

12 Normal posting period and 4 special periods are in the fiscal year which can be used for posting tax and audit adjustments to a closed fiscal year.

PPV is used to open and CLOSE the periods based on a/c TYPES considering GL Accounts. TR. CODE. OB52.

PPV is used to open and close the periods based on a/c types considering GL Accounts. Tr. Code. OB52.

• 4 digit ALPHANUMERIC KEY.
• Name of the company.
• City.
• COUNTRY.
• Currency.
• LANGUAGE.
• Address.

DOCUMENT type is nothing vouchers containing line items. SEVERAL business TRANSACTIONS can be identified within a particular document type.

• It CONTROLS the document number ranges.
• It controls the Header part of document.
• IT controls the line item level of the document.
• Helps filing of physical document.

Document type is nothing vouchers containing line items. Several business transactions can be identified within a particular document type.

These are special classification keys. Two CHARACTER numerical key it controls the ENTRY of LINE items. Posting key determines Account type, Debit/credit posting, Field STATUS of transaction.

These are special classification keys. Two character numerical key it controls the entry of line items. Posting key determines Account type, Debit/credit posting, Field status of transaction.

FSG is mandatory FIELD in GL Creation. You USE this field to define which FIELDS are displayed when you post BUSINESS transactions to a G/L account.

A field may have one of the following statuses.

•  SUPPRESSED.
•  Display.
•  Optional.
• Required.

FSG is mandatory field in GL Creation. You use this field to define which fields are displayed when you post business transactions to a G/L account.

A field may have one of the following statuses.

Chart of account is a list of all G/L accounts used by one or several company codes. For each G/L account, the chart of accounts contains the account number, account NAME, and the information that controls how an account FUNCTIONS and how a G/L account is created in a Company code.

You have to ASSIGN a chart of accounts to each company code. This chart of accounts is the Operating chart of accounts and is used for the daily postings in this company code. You have the following options when using multiple company codes.

You can use the same chart of accounts for all company codes If the company codes all have the same REQUIREMENTS for the chart of accounts set up, assign all of the individual company codes to the same chart of accounts. This could be the case if all company codes are in the same country.

In addition to the operating chart of accounts, you can use TWO additional charts of accounts If the individual company codes need different charts of accounts, you can assign up to two charts of accounts in addition to the operating chart of accounts. This could be the case if company codes lie in multiple countries.

The use of different charts of accounts has no effect on the balance sheet and profit and loss statement. When creating the balance sheet or the profit and loss statement, you can choose whether to balance the company codes which use different charts of accounts together or separately.

Chart of account is a list of all G/L accounts used by one or several company codes. For each G/L account, the chart of accounts contains the account number, account name, and the information that controls how an account functions and how a G/L account is created in a Company code.

You have to assign a chart of accounts to each company code. This chart of accounts is the Operating chart of accounts and is used for the daily postings in this company code. You have the following options when using multiple company codes.

You can use the same chart of accounts for all company codes If the company codes all have the same requirements for the chart of accounts set up, assign all of the individual company codes to the same chart of accounts. This could be the case if all company codes are in the same country.

In addition to the operating chart of accounts, you can use two additional charts of accounts If the individual company codes need different charts of accounts, you can assign up to two charts of accounts in addition to the operating chart of accounts. This could be the case if company codes lie in multiple countries.

The use of different charts of accounts has no effect on the balance sheet and profit and loss statement. When creating the balance sheet or the profit and loss statement, you can choose whether to balance the company codes which use different charts of accounts together or separately.

• chart of account key.
• Name.
• Maintenance LANGUAGE.
• Length of the GL Account NUMBER.
• Controlling Integration.
• GROUP chart of accounts (Consolidation).
• BLOCK Indicator.

yes. ONE COA can be assigned to several COMPANIES.

yes. One COA can be assigned to several companies.

When you post ITEMS to a SUBSIDIARY LEDGER, the SYSTEM automatically posts the same data to the general ledger. Each subsidiary ledger has one or more reconciliation accounts in the general ledger. We can’t use reconciliation account for direct postings.

When you post items to a subsidiary ledger, the system automatically posts the same data to the general ledger. Each subsidiary ledger has one or more reconciliation accounts in the general ledger. We can’t use reconciliation account for direct postings.

FIELD STATUS VARIANT is MAINTAINED all FSGS.

Field status variant is maintained all FSGs.

• COA Segment

A/C GROUP.
Nature of account .
SHORT text. 
GL a/c long text .
TRADING partner. 
Group Account Number.

• Company code segment

Account currency. 
Tax. 
RECONCILIATION a/c for a/c type. 
OIM,LID,FSG.

A/C group.
Nature of account .
Short text. 
GL a/c long text .
Trading partner. 
Group Account Number.

Account currency. 
Tax. 
Reconciliation a/c for a/c type. 
OIM,LID,FSG.

It CONTROLS the account assignments that are MADE to the account. Specifically the FIELD status group controls WHETHER postings to COST centers, internal orders, profitability segments and so on are required, not allowed (suppressed), or optional.

It controls the account assignments that are made to the account. Specifically the field status group controls whether postings to cost centers, internal orders, profitability segments and so on are required, not allowed (suppressed), or optional.

Operational CHART of account – Day to day ACTIVITIES It is mandatory.
Country COA – It’s used for legal SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT of each country. It’s additional and optional.
GROUP COA used for consolidation of Company codes. This is for group consolidation purpose.

Operational chart of account – Day to day activities It is mandatory.
Country COA – It’s used for legal specific requirement of each country. It’s additional and optional.
Group COA used for consolidation of Company codes. This is for group consolidation purpose.

SEGMENTS in Customer Segments in Vendor

Segments in Customer Segments in Vendor

Open item management is further reconciliation function. OIM allows you to display the open and CLEARED items and amounts in an account. OIM should be used if an OFFSETTING ENTRY is made for every line item posted in the account. The a/c is reconciled and cleared against another account. Ex. Salary CLEARING account and GR/IR Clearing account.

Open item management is further reconciliation function. OIM allows you to display the open and cleared items and amounts in an account. OIM should be used if an offsetting entry is made for every line item posted in the account. The a/c is reconciled and cleared against another account. Ex. Salary clearing account and GR/IR Clearing account.

Residual payment it clears original invoice with incoming AMOUNT and CREATE new line ITEM for remaining OUTSTANDING amount.

Partial payment it leaves the original invoice amount and creates new line item for incoming amount.

Residual payment it clears original invoice with incoming amount and create new line item for remaining outstanding amount.

Partial payment it leaves the original invoice amount and creates new line item for incoming amount.

Internal Number Ranges: Doc. No will be provided by the SYSTEM automatically in serial ORDER allotting the next AVAILABLE PROGRESSIVE number. The number must be in numerical.

External Number ranges: Doc. No will be given manually by the end user. System will not lock number automatically in this case. User can PICK the number randomly. Number may be an alpha numeric.

Internal Number Ranges: Doc. No will be provided by the system automatically in serial order allotting the next available progressive number. The number must be in numerical.

External Number ranges: Doc. No will be given manually by the end user. System will not lock number automatically in this case. User can pick the number randomly. Number may be an alpha numeric.

Extractors is a data RETRIEVAL mechanisms in the SAP source system. Which can fill the extract structure of a data source with the data from the SAP source system DATASETS. The EXTRACTOR may be able to supply data to more FIELDS than exist in the extract structure.

Extractors is a data retrieval mechanisms in the SAP source system. Which can fill the extract structure of a data source with the data from the SAP source system datasets. The extractor may be able to supply data to more fields than exist in the extract structure.

SAP R/3 Source Systems, SAP BW, FLAT FILES and EXTERNAL Systems.

SAP R/3 Source Systems, SAP BW, Flat Files and External Systems.

An ODS Object serves to store consolidated and DEBUGGED transaction DATA on a document level (atomic level). It DESCRIBES a consolidated dataset from one or more InfoSources. This dataset can be analyzed with a BEx Query or InfoSet Query. The data of an ODS Object can be updated with a delta update into InfoCubes and/or other ODS Objects in the same system or across systems. In CONTRAST to multi-dimensional data storage with InfoCubes, the data in ODS Objects is STORED in transparent, flat database tables.

An ODS Object serves to store consolidated and debugged transaction data on a document level (atomic level). It describes a consolidated dataset from one or more InfoSources. This dataset can be analyzed with a BEx Query or InfoSet Query. The data of an ODS Object can be updated with a delta update into InfoCubes and/or other ODS Objects in the same system or across systems. In contrast to multi-dimensional data storage with InfoCubes, the data in ODS Objects is stored in transparent, flat database tables.

• AWB stands for ADMINISTRATOR WorkBench. AWB is a TOOL for controlling, monitoring and maintaining all the processes connected with data staging and processing in the BUSINESS INFORMATION whearhousing.

Bex stands for Business EXPLORER. Bex enables end user to LOCATE reports, view reports, analyze information and can execute queries. The queries in workbook can be SAVED to there respective ROLES in the Bex browser. Bex has the following components: Bex Browser, Bex analyzer, Bex Map, Bex Web.

Bex stands for Business Explorer. Bex enables end user to locate reports, view reports, analyze information and can execute queries. The queries in workbook can be saved to there respective roles in the Bex browser. Bex has the following components: Bex Browser, Bex analyzer, Bex Map, Bex Web.

Interfaces are huge problem, DETERMINE where master data RESIDES, Expensive, very complex, DEMANDS highly trained STAFF, LENGTHY implementation time.

Interfaces are huge problem, Determine where master data resides, Expensive, very complex, demands highly trained staff, lengthy implementation time.

Meta Data: Data that describes the structure of data or MetaObjects is CALLED Metadata. In other WORDS data about data is known as Meta Data.

Master Data: Master data is data that remains unchanged over a LONG period of time. It contains information that is always needed in the same way. Characteristics can bear master data in BW. With master data you are dealing with attributes, texts or hierarchies.

TRANSACTION data: Data RELATING to the day-to-day transactions is the Transaction data.

Meta Data: Data that describes the structure of data or MetaObjects is called Metadata. In other words data about data is known as Meta Data.

Master Data: Master data is data that remains unchanged over a long period of time. It contains information that is always needed in the same way. Characteristics can bear master data in BW. With master data you are dealing with attributes, texts or hierarchies.

Transaction data: Data relating to the day-to-day transactions is the Transaction data.

The Star Schema consists of the Dimension Tables and the Fact Table. The MASTER DATA related tables are kept in separate tables, which has reference to the characteristics in the dimension table(s). These separate tables for master data is TERMED as the Extended Star Schema.

The Star Schema consists of the Dimension Tables and the Fact Table. The Master Data related tables are kept in separate tables, which has reference to the characteristics in the dimension table(s). These separate tables for master data is termed as the Extended Star Schema.

OLAP - On line Analytical processing is a reporting TOOL configured to understand your database schema, composition facts and dimensions . By simple point-n-clicking, a user can run any number of canned or user-designed reports WITHOUT having to know anything of SQL or the schema. Because of that prior CONFIGURATION, the OLAP engine “builds” and executes the appropriate SQL. Mining is to BUILD the application to SPECIFICALLY look at detailed analyses, often algorithmic; even more often misappropriate called “reporting.

OLAP - On line Analytical processing is a reporting tool configured to understand your database schema, composition facts and dimensions . By simple point-n-clicking, a user can run any number of canned or user-designed reports without having to know anything of SQL or the schema. Because of that prior configuration, the OLAP engine “builds” and executes the appropriate SQL. Mining is to build the application to specifically look at detailed analyses, often algorithmic; even more often misappropriate called “reporting.

In order to use an ERP SYSTEM, a business person must UNDERSTAND the business processes and how they work together from one functional AREA to the other. This knowledge gives the STUDENT a much deeper understanding of how a business operates. Using SAP as a tool to learn about ERP SYSTEMS will require that the people understand the business processes and how they integrate.

In order to use an ERP system, a business person must understand the business processes and how they work together from one functional area to the other. This knowledge gives the student a much deeper understanding of how a business operates. Using SAP as a tool to learn about ERP systems will require that the people understand the business processes and how they integrate.

WOULD it be sufficient just to Web-enable R/3 Reports? - Performance — Heavy reporting ALONG with regular OLTP TRANSACTIONS can produce a lot of load both on the R/3 and the database (cpu, memory, disks, etc). Just take a look at the load put on your system during a month end, quarter end, or year-end — now imagine that occurring even more frequently. Data analysis — BW USES a Data Warehouse and OLAP concepts for storing and analyzing data, where R/3 was designed for transaction processing. With a lot of work you can get the same analysis out of R/3 but most likely would be easier from a BW.

Would it be sufficient just to Web-enable R/3 Reports? - Performance — Heavy reporting along with regular OLTP transactions can produce a lot of load both on the R/3 and the database (cpu, memory, disks, etc). Just take a look at the load put on your system during a month end, quarter end, or year-end — now imagine that occurring even more frequently. Data analysis — BW uses a Data Warehouse and OLAP concepts for storing and analyzing data, where R/3 was designed for transaction processing. With a lot of work you can get the same analysis out of R/3 but most likely would be easier from a BW.

Internal table: It is a STANDARD data type object, which exists only during the runtime of the PROGRAM.

Check table: Check table will be at field level checking.

Value table: Value table will be at DOMAIN level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid.

Transparent table: - Exists with the same structure both in DICTIONARY as well as in database EXACTLY with the same data and fields.

Internal table: It is a standard data type object, which exists only during the runtime of the program.

Check table: Check table will be at field level checking.

Value table: Value table will be at domain level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid.

Transparent table: - Exists with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with the same data and fields.

The APPLICATION layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation COMPONENTS, the database, and also with each other, using the message server. All the DATA are stored in a centralized server. This server is CALLED database server.

The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server. All the data are stored in a centralized server. This server is called database server.

A third generation set of highly integrated software modules that performs COMMON business function based on multinational leading practice. Takes care of any enterprise however diverse in operation, spread over the world. In R/3 SYSTEM all the three servers LIKE presentation, APPLICATION server and database server are located at different system.

A third generation set of highly integrated software modules that performs common business function based on multinational leading practice. Takes care of any enterprise however diverse in operation, spread over the world. In R/3 system all the three servers like presentation, application server and database server are located at different system.

Business WORK FLOW: Tool for automatic control and execution of cross-application processes. This involves COORDINATING the persons INVOLVED, the work steps required, the data, which needs to be processed (business objects). The main advantage is reduction in throughput times and the costs involved in managing business processes. Transparency and quality are enhanced by its use.

Business Work Flow: Tool for automatic control and execution of cross-application processes. This involves coordinating the persons involved, the work steps required, the data, which needs to be processed (business objects). The main advantage is reduction in throughput times and the costs involved in managing business processes. Transparency and quality are enhanced by its use.

International Demonstration and EDUCATION SYSTEM. A SAMPLE application provided for FASTER learning and implementation.

International Demonstration and Education System. A sample application provided for faster learning and implementation.

Certainly. You can run BW without R/3 IMPLEMENTATION. You can use pre-defined business content in BW using your non-SAP data. Here you simply need to map the TRANSFER structures associated with BW data sources (InfoCubes, ODS tables) to the inbound data files or use 3rd part tool to connect your flat files and other data sources and load data in BW. Several third PARTY ETL products such as ACTA, Infomatica, DataStage and others will have been CERTIFIED to load data in BW.

Certainly. You can run BW without R/3 implementation. You can use pre-defined business content in BW using your non-SAP data. Here you simply need to map the transfer structures associated with BW data sources (InfoCubes, ODS tables) to the inbound data files or use 3rd part tool to connect your flat files and other data sources and load data in BW. Several third party ETL products such as Acta, Infomatica, DataStage and others will have been certified to load data in BW.

There are number of technical REASONS numbers of companies are planning to implement SAP. It’s HIGHLY configurable, highly secure data handling, min data redundancy, max data CONSISTENCY, you can capitalize on ECONOMICS of sales like purchasing, tight integration-cross function.

There are number of technical reasons numbers of companies are planning to implement SAP. It’s highly configurable, highly secure data handling, min data redundancy, max data consistency, you can capitalize on economics of sales like purchasing, tight integration-cross function.

SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards, ORACLE Financials, Siebel, PeopleSoft. Among all the ERP’s most of the companies IMPLEMENTED or trying to implement SAP because of number of advantages over other ERP packages.

SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards, Oracle Financials, Siebel, PeopleSoft. Among all the ERP’s most of the companies implemented or trying to implement SAP because of number of advantages over other ERP packages.

ERP is a package with the techniques and concepts for the integrated management of business as a whole, for effective use of management RESOURCES, to improve the efficiency of an enterprise. Initially, ERP was targeted for MANUFACTURING industry mainly for planning and managing core business like production and financial MARKET. As the growth and merits of ERP package ERP software is DESIGNED for basic process of a COMPANY from manufacturing to small shops with a target of integrating information across the company.

ERP is a package with the techniques and concepts for the integrated management of business as a whole, for effective use of management resources, to improve the efficiency of an enterprise. Initially, ERP was targeted for manufacturing industry mainly for planning and managing core business like production and financial market. As the growth and merits of ERP package ERP software is designed for basic process of a company from manufacturing to small shops with a target of integrating information across the company.