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tion:Vapour pressure is a MEASURE of the tendency of a material to change into the GASEOUS or vapour state, and it increases with TEMPERATURE. The temperature at which the vapour pressure at the SURFACE of a liquid becomes equal to the pressure exerted by the surroundings is called the BOILING point of the liquid.

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1) TEST tubes intended for general chemical work are usually made of GLASS, for its relative resistance to HEAT. Tubes made from expansion-resistant glasses, mostly borosilicate glass or fused quartz, can withstand high temperatures up to several hundred DEGREES Celsius.2)These 'hands-on' activities support the development of practical skills, and help to shape students' understanding of scientific concepts and phenomena. A further consequence of experiencing practical work, particularly in chemistry, is the acquisition of an understanding of hazard, risk and safe workinghope this ans will help u!!!

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down the GROUP in the PERIOD ic table please MARK me BRAINEIST

A well BEHAVED (meaningful) wavefunction must be SINGLE- valued in r coordinate (because there can be only one PROBABILITY VALUE at a given position), continuous (so that a second derivative can exist and well behaved) and finite (to be able to normalize the wave function, Ψ, integrable).

the ELECTROPHILIC substitution reactions of phenols are explained below:Nitration of Phenols. Phenols upon treatment with dilute NITRIC acid undergo nitration at LOW TEMPERATURE (298 K) to GIVE a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols. ...Halogenation of Phenols. ...Kolbe's Reaction. ...Reimer-Tiemann Reaction.

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ry plays a role in everyone's LIVES and TOUCHES almost EVERY aspect of our existence in some way. Chemistry is ESSENTIAL for meeting our basic needs of FOOD, clothing, shelter, health, energy, and clean air, water, and soil.Precautions to be taken in the laboratory are as follows:Do not touch or taste any unknown substance.Use an only a small quantity of chemicals to carry out experiment.Do not work alone in the laboratory.Do not throw hot concentrated acids into the sink directly.

बोहर ने इसे थोडा संशोधित करते हुए कहा कि प्रत्येक कक्षा जिसमे इलेक्ट्रॉन चक्कर लगता है उसकी ऊर्जा निश्चित होती है और अलग अलग कक्षाओं की ऊर्जा का मान अलग होता है। अत: बोहर के अनुसार इलेक्ट्रॉन निश्चित ऊर्जा की कक्षाओं में नाभिक के चारों ओर चक्कर लगाता रहता है।

phenols, so for all practical PURPOSES substitution and/or ELIMINATION of the PHENOLIC HYDROXYL group does not occur.

Safranin (also Safranin O or BASIC RED 2) is a biological STAIN used in histology and cytology. Safranin is used as a counterstain in some staining PROTOCOLS, colouring cell nuclei red. This is the classic counterstain in both Gram stains and endospore staining.

1. Borosilicate glass FILTRATION apparatus2. FuelA FUEL is any material that can be MADE to react with other substances so that it releases chemical or nuclear energy as heat or to be used for work. The heat energy released by reactions of fuels is converted into mechanical energy via a heat engine.3. Mortar and pestle are used for grinding and crushing solid substances into a powder.4. Evaporating dishes are used to evaporate excess solvents – most commonly water – to PRODUCE a concentrated solution or a solid precipitate of the dissolved substance. Most are made of porcelain or borosilicate glass.5. Chemically, table salt consists of TWO elements, sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl). Neither element occurs separately and free in nature, but are found bound together as the compound sodium chloride.Nawabzaadi here ✌️

The molecular MASS of CH 3 OH is 32 u.i.e., 12+3×1+16+1=32.

Mark as brain LIST and follow Explanation:The kelvin is the base unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI), having the unit symbol K. the kelvin was defined as the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature (TTPW) of the triple point of WATER – a unique temperature at which the three phases of water (solid, liquid, and vapour) co-exist in equilibrium. The kelvin, symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant k to be 1.380 649 × 10–23 when expressed in the unit J K–1, which is equal to kg M2 s–2 K–1, where the kilogram, metre and SECOND are defined in TERMS of h, c and ΔνCs.”

Explanation:As a percent, the EQUATION would be: (X) + (100-x) = 100, where the 100 designates the total percent in nature. If you set the equation as a decimal, this means the abundance would be equal to 1. The equation would then become: x + (1 – x) = 1. Note that this equation is limited to two ISOTOPES.

The speed of a REACTION is given by the reaction rate, a measure of how fast reactants are consumed and PRODUCTS are formed. ... Therefore, the speed at which a reaction TAKES place depends on two main factors: The FREQUENCY of collisions: The more often molecules collide with each other, the FASTER the reaction proceeds

chlorideExplanation:MARK me as BRAIN LIST PLZ..

e boiling points of ACETONE, water and alcohol are 560C, 1000C and 780C respectively. Which of these will evaporate the fastest under the same CONDITIONS of temperature and pressure?

The Na+ ion is SIGNIFICANTLY SMALLER than the neutral Na atom because the 3S1 electron has been removed to GIVE a closed shell with n = 2. The Na− ion is larger than the parent Na atom because the additional electron PRODUCES a 3s2 valence electron configuration, while the nuclear charge remains the same.

First Law of THERMODYNAMICS: In this video I continue with my series of tutorial videos on Thermal Physics and Thermodynamics. It’s pitched at undergraduate level and while it is mainly aimed at physics majors, it should be useful to anybody taking a first course in thermodynamics such as engineers etc.. If we are interested in how HEAT transfer is converted into work, then the conservation of energy principle is important. The first law of thermodynamics applies the conservation of energy principle to SYSTEMS where heat transfer and doing work are the methods of TRANSFERRING energy into and out of the system. In equation form, the first law of thermodynamics is image Internal Energy: The first law of thermodynamics is the conservation-of-energy principle stated for a system where heat and work are the methods of transferring energy for a system in thermal equilibrium. Q represents the NET heat transfer—it is the sum of all heat transfers into and out of the system. Q is positive for net heat transfer into the system. W is the total work done on and by the system. W is positive when more work is done by the system than on it. The change in the internal energy of the system, ΔU, is related to heat and work by the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU=Q−W. Δ U = Q − W . Here ΔU is the change in internal energy U of the system, Q is the net heat transferred into the system, and W is the net work done by the system. We use the following sign conventions: if Q is positive, then there is a net heat transfer into the system; if W is positive, then there is net work done by the system. So positive Q adds energy to the system and positive W takes energy from the system. Thus ΔU=Q−W. Note also that if more heat transfer into the system occurs than work done, the difference is stored as internal energy. Heat engines are a good example of this—heat transfer into them takes place so that they can do work.Explanation:

anced EQUATION isK2Cr2O7+3SO2+H2SO4→Cr2(SO4)3+K2SO4+H2O

kp and knExplanation: Kp And KC are the equilibrium CONSTANT of an ideal gaseous MIXTURE. Kp is equilibrium constant USED when equilibrium concentrations are expressed in atmospheric PRESSURE and Kc is equilibrium constant used when equilibrium concentrations are expressed in molarity. 2A(g)+B(g) ⇋ 2C(g) All in the gas phase.

Calculate lattice energy of NaCl, from following data using Born-Haber's CYCLE. AHsub + 108.4 kJ mol-1 _Naa) ZAG) AHD -242 kJ mol-' Cl2(9) 1 E.A. = 348 kJ mol-1 I.E. = +495.8 kJ mol-' AH, = -411.2 kJ mol-1 CL(g) Na (9) NaCl(s) +Explanation:hope it would be helpful for u

Sign inContents Home Bookshelves Physical & Theoretical Chemistry SUPPLEMENTAL Modules (Physical and Theoretical Chemistry) KINETICS 2: Reaction Rates Expand/collapse global location2.8: Second-Order ReactionsLast updatedSep 11, 20202.7: Reaction Rates- Building Intuition2.8.1: Pseudo-1st-order reactionspicture_as_pdfReadabilityDonateMany important biological reactions, such as the formation of double-stranded DNA from two complementary strands, can be DESCRIBED using second order kinetics. In a second-order reaction, the sum of the exponents in the rate LAW is equal to two. The two most common FORMS of second-order reactions will be discussed in detail in this section.

the derivation for the work DONE in ISOTHERMAL reversible expansion of an ideal gas, the following EXPRESSION appears. DW=(P−dP)dV=PdV+dP⋅dV.

The speed of a reaction is given by the reaction rate, a MEASURE of how fast REACTANTS are consumed and products are formed. Therefore, the speed at which a reaction takes place depends on two MAIN FACTORS: The frequency of collisions: The more often molecules collide with each other, the faster the reaction proceeds.

the capacity of SOMETHING to be flattened or reduced in SIZE by PRESSURE.

tion:In Section 11.5 “Colligative Properties of Solutions”, we considered the colligative properties of solutions with molecular solutes. What about solutions with ionic solutes? Do they exhibit colligative properties?There is a complicating factor: ionic solutes SEPARATE into ions when they dissolve. This increases the total number of particles dissolved in solution and increases the impact on the resulting colligative property. Historically, this greater-than-expected impact on colligative properties was one main piece of evidence for ionic compounds separating into ions (increased electrical conductivity was another piece of evidence).For example, when NaCl dissolves, it separates into two ions:NaCl(s) → Na+(AQ) + Cl−(aq)This means that a 1 M solution of NaCl actually has a net particle concentration of 2 M. The OBSERVED colligative property will then be twice as large as expected for a 1 M solution.It is easy to INCORPORATE this concept into our equations to calculate the respective colligative property. We define the van’t Hoff factor (i) as the number of particles each solute formula unit breaks apart into when it dissolves. Previously, we have always tacitly assumed that the van’t Hoff factor is simply 1. But for some ionic compounds, i is not 1, as shown in Table 11.5 “Ideal van’t Hoff FACTORS for Ionic Compounds”.Table 11.5 Ideal van’t Hoff Factors for Ionic CompoundsCompound iNaCl 2KBr 2LiNO3 2CaCl2 3Mg(C2H3O2)2 3FeCl3 4Al2(SO4)3 5The ideal van’t Hoff factor is equal to the number of ions that form when an ionic compound dissolves.Example 20Predict the van’t Hoff factor for Sr(OH)2.SolutionWhen Sr(OH)2 dissolves, it separates into one Sr2+ ion and two OH− ions:Sr(OH)2 → Sr2+(aq) + 2 OH−(aq)Because it breaks up into three ions, its van’t Hoff factor is 3.Test YourselfWhat is the van’t Hoff factor for Fe(NO3)3?Answer4

tion:because BOIL water have the temperature 100°cso fish can't survive

rd law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a SYSTEM at ABSOLUTE zero is a well-defined CONSTANT. This is because a system at zero temperature EXISTS in its GROUND state, so that its entropy is determined only by the degeneracy of the ground state..

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tion:Sodium thiosulphate solution reacts with DILUTE hydrochloric acid. The equation for this REACTION is: Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g) + S(s) As the reaction PROCEEDS, a pale yellow precipitate forms.

The main DIFFERENCE between partial pressure and VAPOR pressure is that partial pressure is the pressure EXERTED by an individual gas in a mixture as if it were alone in that SYSTEM, while the vapor pressure refers to the pressure exerted by the vapor in its thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed state of liquid ...

A reaction in which the temperature of the mixture INCREASES is called an exothermic reaction.Explanation:please MARK as BRAINLIEST if it HELPS you.