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1.

Arrange the following in chronological order.1. Copper 2. Gold 3. Iron

Answer»

1. Gold 

2. Copper 

3. Iron.

2.

Write about the consequence of the following event. a. Discovery of copper …………b. Discovery of wheel ………..c. Use of script …………

Answer»

a. Copper was used for making tools and implements by humans.

b. The wheel was first used by the potters and later for running bullock carts and chariots.

c. The script is used for permanent record-keeping production and other events.

3.

Fill in the blanks:1. ……….. in Europe had large collections of prehistoric artefacts and antique objects. 2. A scholar named .. ……….. introduced a method for classifying the pre-historic artefacts. 3. The method put forth by Thomsen is called the Three ………… System. 4. Thomsen established with the help of evidence that ……………. tools were the earliest.5. The period of …………. tools and articles was next.

Answer»

1. museums 

2. Christian Thomsen

3. Age 

4. stone 

5. copper

4.

What led to the expansion of trade?

Answer»

Increase in production led to the expansion of the trade.

5.

What was built in cities?

Answer»

Grand temples were built in cities.

6.

What did rise in trade contribute to?

Answer»

Rise in trade contributed to the emergence and development of cities.

7.

What was used to keep permanent records of the expanding trade and growing production?

Answer»

Script was developed for the purpose of keeping permanent records of expanding trade and growing production.

8.

What happened when carts and chariots were introduced?

Answer»

Long distance trade and rapid transport of goods became possible with the introduction of wheels into transport.

9.

What did the position of temple-head merge into?

Answer»

The position of the temple-head merged into that of the king.

10.

Who became the chief administrator of the cities?

Answer»

The chiefs of the temple became the chief administrator of the cities.

11.

With the use of wheel, what was possible for the potters?

Answer»

With the use of the wheel, the potters were able to make a large number of symmetrical and beautiful pots.

12.

Which wheeled vehicles came in to use?

Answer»

Wheeled vehicles like carts and chariots came into use.

13.

What is ‘pivot?

Answer»

i. A pointed quartz pebble fixed at the bottom of a potter’s wheel is called a pivot. 

ii. When the potter’s wheel is put in motion, it is balanced on this pivot and thus revolves with a great speed.

14.

Fill in the blanks:1. It is a belief that …………….. was the first metal to come into use. 2. Actually, ……. Was the first metal to be used. 3. ……………could not be used to make tools and implements. 4. The invention of the …………….. is the most important invention. 5. The ………… was first used by potters.

Answer»

1. copper 

2. gold 

3. gold 

4. wheel 

5. wheel

15.

Why did potters and other craftsmen began to live close to each other in the settlements?

Answer»

In the village settlements, the potters and craftsmen lived close to each other so as to manage their work more easily.

16.

What became necessary due to the expanding trade?

Answer»

It became necessary to keep permanent records of the expanding trade and growing population

17.

By whom was the wheel first used by?

Answer»

Wheel was first used by potters.

18.

How did each culture develop its own script?

Answer»

1. There was an increase in trade and production and also the growth in the volume of records to be kept 

2. This resulted in much modification and improvement in the signs and symbols used for these purposes. 

3. In this way, each culture developed its own script.

19.

Fill in the blanks:1. Rise in trade had been a major factor that contributed to the emergence and development of ………… . 2. The social life and …………… based on agricultural faith systems became more elaborate in cities. 3. Grand …………. were built in many cities. 4. Chiefs of those temples became chief ………… of these cities. 5. The positions of the temple head and that of the king went to the …………… individual 6. Urban culture had its roots in the culture …………. of the New Stone Age.

Answer»

1. cities 

2. festivals 

3. temples 

4. administrators 

5. same 

6. village-settlements.

20.

Into how many groups is the Three Age System’ classified?

Answer»

The Three Age System’, is classified into.

  • Stone Age – Stone tools
  • Copper Age – Copper tools and other articles 
  • Iron Age – Iron tools and other articles.
21.

How did the people engaged in different types of work come together?

Answer»

1. Expansion of village-settlements resulted in increase in production. 

2. Due to increase in production, trade too expanded and there was then a need to change the old systems of transport. 

3. Long distance trade, rapid transport of goods and centres of large scale production are factors that brought together people engaged in different types of work.

22.

How did kingship develop in cities?

Answer»

1. Grand temples were built in many cities that had prospered due to the rise in trade. 

2. Chiefs of those temples became chief administrators of those cities. 

3. Later, the positions of the temple head and that of the king went to the same individual. 

4. This is how initially kingship developed in the ancient urban civilizations

23.

Fill in the blanks:1. Once the potters began to use a wheel, it became possible to make pots in …….. numbers. 2. People started making …………… pots with beautiful designs painted on them. 3. As the scale of production increased, ……….. too expanded with it. 4. Wheeled vehicles like ……….. and ………. were first to come into use.5. It became necessary to keep permanent …… of the expanding trade and growing production.

Answer»

1. large 

2. symmetrical 

3. trade 

4. cart, chariots 

5. records