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The CORRECT option is (c) spatially limited

The explanation is: Peer networks PROVIDE spatially limited spectrum. The nodes communicate within a spatial REGION defined by radio horizon. The hierarchical networks provided spatially unlimited spectrum owing to the base STATION infrastructure.

Right option is (a) XML

The BEST explanation: EXTENSIBLE Markup LANGUAGE (XML) is a text-based language that uses TAGS to define items, their attributes, and values. It is used for STRUCTURING information being exchanged. Unified Modeling Language and Business Process Model and Notation focus on modeling.

Correct answer is (c) parsed

The explanation is: The error corrected bits are parsed to identify the HEADER, ADDRESS, message, TRAFFIC, etc. The expected service is delivered to the user after being PROCESSED by various protocol LAYERS.

Correct choice is (a) band, mode

For EXPLANATION I would say: Joint control may grow towards autonomous selection of band, mode, and data format. Joint control guarantees SYSTEM stability, error RECOVERY, and ISOCHRONOUS streaming of voice and video.

Right choice is (a) revenue, DATA

For explanation: The mobile traffic supported at a fixed level of quality is seen as a resource. In a MULTIBAND, MULTIMODE software defined radio, the traffic TAKES up particular BAND and mode. The mobile traffic generates revenue streams based on data and voice traffic.

The correct option is (a) SUBSTITUTABLE

Explanation: A SIGNIFICANT aspect of component based programming is that components are substitutable. A component may be replaced by another component or an updated version during design time or run time provided the new component meets the SET REQUIREMENTS. SUBSTITUTABILITY supports late binding.

Right option is (b) Distribution

Best explanation: Distribution service may SELECT and de-select component instance depending on the request made by CLIENT of component service. It ALSO manages the component instances ASSIGNED for execution on remote host processors.

Right answer is (c) Received power level

To explain I would say: Power amplifier is a part of RF front end section in transmit mode. It must be INFORMED of transmit/receive mode to start and stop transmission. Transmitted power level, VSWR, and TEMPERATURE are MONITORED for detection of abnormal behavour in power amplifier.

The CORRECT choice is (d) IF PROCESSING

For explanation I WOULD say: IF processing may include filtering, frequency translation, digital beam forming, joint space time EQUALIZATION, integration of space diversity and frequency diversity.

Correct answer is (d) sixteen

To explain I would say: Given a set with X number of ELEMENTS, the power set consists of 2^X number of elements. The given STATEMENT INCLUDES FOUR singletons, six doubletons, four triplets, the set itself and an empty set.

The CORRECT choice is (c) finite procedure

Explanation: A computable FUNCTION must have afinite procedure or algorithm that computes the function. The function must be computable with the AVAILABLE INFORMATION and instruction and must not require special INSIGHTS or computational models.

Right option is (a) True

To elaborate: ASPECT oriented programming REQUIRES the creation of new language constructs that associate an aspect to a PARTICULAR class. COMPONENT based programming is a coding STYLE. It does not have strict definitions in mainstream languages.

The CORRECT choice is (b) GPP

Best explanation: GNU radio uses general purpose PROCESSOR for BASEBAND PROCESSING. This CONFINES the signal processing capabilities to one particular processor. It is one of limitations of using GNU radio.

The CORRECT choice is (b) Data compression

The best explanation: Data CODING has different TYPES of redundancies within a message or between messages. Data compression RANGES from 10% to 50% depending on the amount of REDUNDANCY present in original information data stream.

Correct CHOICE is (a) equalizer

Explanation: The MODEM may include equalizer to correct channel multipath ARTIFACTS and for filtering and delay distortions. EQUALIZATION is carried out after the modem time aligns a signal ACCORDING to baud time.

The CORRECT option is (b) Structured redundancy

To elaborate: If the waveform were to include error detection and CORRECTION technique such as FEC coding, structured redundancy would be INTRODUCED in the coding process. The structured redundancy is exploited to detect and correct encoded sequences that were RECEIVED in error.

Correct option is (a) True

To elaborate: The location independence offered by CORBA allows multiple processors to be present in the core. Legacy software, non-CORBA processing hardware, security, management software, and an INTEGRATED FILE system are other parts of the STRUCTURE of SCA.

The CORRECT answer is (c) union

The best explanation: The topological space includes a SET X and a family of subsets. The subsets include the set X itself as WELL as an empty set. The family of SUBSET is closed under union and finite intersection.

The correct choice is (b) data cache

To explain I WOULD say: Web browsing needs to store information of webpages which are FREQUENTLY accessed to AVOID TRANSMISSION of redundant information. Large data cache is required to store the specified information. It is typically implemented using local HARD disk.

Right answer is (d) Latency

Best explanation: The cryptographic SECURITY function must ENCRYPT any information to be transmitted. Confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, source authentication, AUTHORIZATION and non-repudiation are the characteristics of cryptographic security as defined by US National Institute of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY (NIST).

Correct answer is (c) power amplifier

The best explanation: The MODEM controls external RF ELEMENTS, including transmit and RECEIVE mode, carrier frequency and SMART antenna. The modem controls power amplifier and local OSCILLATORS to produce the desire carrier frequency.

Correct CHOICE is (d) waveform shape

The explanation: Each symbol is REPRESENTED by a waveform. The MODEM synthesizes the waveform and filters it to FIT within the desired BANDWIDTH.

Correct option is (d) Call duration

The EXPLANATION is: As mobile TRAFFIC is treated as a RESOURCE, it is necessary to measure the mobile traffic being serviced.Arrival rate, call duration, and class of traffic such as VOICE or fax are metrics employed to measure the mobile traffic.

Correct option is (C) no pins condition exists

The best explanation: The empty set is included in the topology when the INTERFACE WORKS EVEN when no input is provided. For example, a system enters into SAFE mode or reset mode when it is unplugged.

The CORRECT option is (c) power set

Easiest explanation: DISCRETE topology INCLUDES only power set in the TOPOLOGICAL space. On the other HAND a topology containing only the empty set and the original set X is referred as power set.

Right choice is (a) For loop

Explanation: A PRIMITIVE recursive FUNCTION is one in which the upper bound or the number of iterations to be performed is known. CONSIDER for a loop from i = 1 to N, N is fixed before ENTRY into the loop and cannot be change within the loop. The for loop is the only structure that SATISFIES primitive recursive function.

The correct answer is (b) False

To elaborate: Port Supplier class RETURNS a particular port from a set of PORTS DEFINED for a component. The interface getPort() belongs to Port Supplier class. It returns the port specified in the METHOD argument.

Right choice is (d) freezeResource()

For explanation I would say: ResourceFactory class is USED when a Resource has to be EXPLICITLY created. The createResource() interface creates an instance of the desired Resource, the releaseResource() calls the releaseObject() interface, and shutdown() TERMINATES the ResourceFactory.

Correct choice is (a) Port

The best I can explain: Port CLASS is the ENTRY point of any COMPONENT. The explicitly defined methods of Port class are connectPort() and disconnectPort(). The actual CONNECTION based implementations are guided by a waveform’s application specific interface.

Right CHOICE is (a) abstraction

For explanation I would say: Abstraction allows only SELECTIVE and applicable information to be made available while other information MAY be hidden. Abstraction reduces complexity between layers of implementation as only RELEVANT information will be available to each layer. Encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism are other properties of object oriented PROGRAMMING.

Right choice is (d) modularity

Best explanation: PROCEDURAL programming is BASED on the concept of procedure call. The hardware REQUIREMENT of procedural programming consists of stack register and INSTRUCTION for calling subroutines.

The correct choice is (c) MODEM

To ELABORATE: The modem generates the signal to be transmitted and processes the signal received in case of a full duplex radio. It also time aligns, de-spreads a signal and fits it into the INFORMATION bandwidth.

Correct ANSWER is (b) Object oriented PROGRAMMING

To explain: Object oriented programming EXTENDS data type of linear programming to describe OBJECTS. Objects are described by their CHARACTERISTICS and behaviour. Member variables define characteristics and functions define behaviour.

Right ANSWER is (b) automatic GAIN control

Explanation: The dynamic RANGE of SIGNALS that can be processed at the receiver may be maximized by automatic gain control. Frequency conversion and filtering are done to minimize interference WITHIN the operating range of the radio.

The CORRECT CHOICE is (a) PACKET

For explanation I WOULD say: The procedure performed for transmission at the MODEM is the inverse of the procedure performed for reception. The modem groups the bits to be transmitted into packet, and then structured redundancy is introduced for error correction at the receiver.

The correct OPTION is (d) Clear BITS

The explanation: The bits at the output of INFOSEC are referred to as clear bits. These are then operated on to give network or source bits. Network bits COMPLY with network PROTOCOLS and the source bits are passed to source decoder.

Correct choice is (B) Plug and PLAY

The explanation is: Plug and Play device facilitate the inclusion of HARDWARE components without physical configuration or external USER intervention. A challenge posed by plug and play MODULES is the definition of interface points.

Correct choice is (b) Opportunity Driven MULTIPLE Access

The best I can EXPLAIN: Opportunity Driven Multiple Access is used to IMPROVE the capacity and coverage area towards the boundaries of the cell. Mobile stations outside the coverage area can communicate with the BASE station via multi-hop transmission.

Right option is (d) Type of service

For explanation I would say: A radio platform has STANDARD limits defined for RF COVERAGE, digital access bandwidth, and processing capacity. All bands and modes with SATISFACTORY link quality available at region of interest and meeting the set limits are CONSIDERED as useful radio RESOURCE.

The CORRECT CHOICE is (a) simplex

Best explanation: The ordered set of points in the topological space that is said to be adjacent by sharing some type of relationship is called simplex. LOWER dimensionality simplexes induce HIGHER dimensionality simplex. A simplex may be embedded in EUCLIDEAN space.

The correct answer is (a) Trellis code modulation

For explanation I would say: Forward ERROR correction is carried out to reduce the number of bits RECEIVED in error. It can be integrated into demodulation process such as in Trellis code modulation. It can be closely associated with demodulation process such as in SOFT decoding of convolution CODES.

The correct choice is (b) Source coding

For explanation: The channel encoder/decoder section comprises of RF/Channel access, IF processing, and modem. RF/Channel access includes antenna and RF CONVERSION. IF processing stage includes FILTERING, and frequency TRANSLATION. Modem is responsible for WAVEFORM definition.