InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
The harmful gases present in the exhaust should be removed by using________in vehicles.A. analytic convertorB. pollutant convertorC. substrative convertorD. Catalytic convertor |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 52. |
What is the role of a plane mirror and a glass sheet in a solar cooker ? |
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Answer» The role of a plane mirror and a glass sheet in a solar cooker are as follows (i) Plane mirror They are used as reflector in solar cookers to focus the maximum rays of the sun into the cooker to achieve a higher temperature. (ii) Glass sheet The transparent glass sheet kept over the open end of the heating devices allows the infrared rays and visible rays to enter the device but does not allow the infrared radiations to move out of the heating device due to increase in the wavelength of radiation inside the cooker and the temperature of heating device rises appreciably. |
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| 53. |
What are the enviourmental consequences of the increasing demand for energy ? What steps would you suggest to reduce energy consumption ? |
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Answer» (i) Burning of fossil fuels to meet increasing demand for energy causes air-pollution. (ii) Construction of dams on rivers to generate hydroelectricity destroys large ecosystems which get submerged under water in the dams. Further, large amounts of methane (which is a greenhouse gas) is produced when submerged vegetation rots under anaerobic conditions. In order to reduce energy consumption : (i) Fossil fuels should be used with care and caution to derive maximum benefit out of them. (ii) Fuel saving devices such as pressure cookers etc. should be used. (iii) Efficiency of energy sources should be maintained by getting them regularly serviced. (iv) And last of all, we should be economical in our energy consumption as energy saved is energy produced. |
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| 54. |
Name two indirect ways of using solar energy. |
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Answer» (i) Wind energy (ii) Biomass energy. |
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| 55. |
How is biogas produced ? |
| Answer» Biogas is produced by anareobic degradation of biomass in the presence of water but in the absence of oxygen. | |
| 56. |
What is bagasse ? To what use is it put to ? |
| Answer» Baggase is the residue of sugarcane from which juice has been extracted. It is used to generate bioenergy. | |
| 57. |
What is the value of solar constant ? |
| Answer» `1.4` kilojoule per second per square metre, i.e., `1.4 kW//m^2` (approximately). | |
| 58. |
Name two types of energy which do not relate to the Sun. |
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Answer» (i) Nuclear energy (ii) Geothermal energy. |
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| 59. |
Which gas is used in transport vehicles ? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - `CNG` | |
| 60. |
What is cooking gas ? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - `LPG`. | |
| 61. |
Name one non-conventional source of energy. |
| Answer» Geothermal energy. | |
| 62. |
(a) Name of the renewable source of energy ? (b) Name one conventional source of energy ? |
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Answer» (a) Solar energy (b) Fossil fuels. |
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| 63. |
Name one non-renewable source of energy. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Coal. | |
| 64. |
What is gasohol ? |
| Answer» A mixture of petrol and alcohol. | |
| 65. |
What is hydro energy ? |
| Answer» Energy of flowing water. | |
| 66. |
In a hydro power plant :A. potential energy possessed by stored water is converted into electricityB. kinetic energy possessed by stored water is converted into potential energyC. electricity is extracted from waterD. water is converted into steam to produce electricity |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A In a hydro power, water from the top of the dam is allowed to fall through pipelines over the blades of turbine at the bottom of the dam. In this process, the potential energy of water changes into its kinetic energy which is transferred to the turbine. The moving turbine rotates the armature of a generator to produce electricity i.e., turbine changes the kinetic energy into electricity. Thus, potential energy possessed by stored water is converted into electricity. |
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| 67. |
A non-renewable source of energy is :A. woodB. alcoholC. hydrogen gasD. natural gas |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 68. |
An example of a renewable source of energy is :A. petrolB. natural gasC. biogasD. kerosene |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 69. |
The major problem in harnessing nuclear energy is how to :A. split nucleiB. sustain the reactionC. dispose of spent fuel safelyD. covert nuclear energy into electrical energy |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The major hazard of nuclear power generation is the storage and disposal of spent or used fuels. Improper nuclear-waste storage and disposal result in environmental contamination, as well as, risk of accidental leakage of nuclear radiation. It happened in Chernobyl disaster 1986, Fukushima Nuclear disaster 2011 caused great damage to the living beings and habitates. |
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| 70. |
Make a list of conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. Give a brief description harnessing one non-conventional source of energy. |
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Answer» The following are the list of conventional and non-conventional sources of energy (i) Conventional sources of energy They are those which are used extensively and meet a major portion of our energy requirement. These are fossil fuels (wood, coal and petrol), hydro energy, biomass energy and wind energy. (ii) Non-conventional sources of energy They are those which are not used as extensively as conventional ones and meet our energy requirement only on a limited scale. These are socal energy, ocean energy (tidal energy, wave energy and ocean thermal energy), geothermal energy and nuclear energy. The harnessing of one non-conventional source of energy is as follows Nuclear energy Nuclear energy is produced by the release of heat from unstable elements such as uranium. The energy is harnessed by using the energy to heat water. The radioactive water is then pumped through a heat exchanger where the dirty water is used to heat clean water. The clean water can then be used to derive turbines and other forms of engine. |
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| 71. |
Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy ?A. WoodB. SunC. Fossil fuelsD. Wind |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 72. |
The major problem in harnessing nuclear energy is how to :A. split nucleiB. sustain the reactionC. dispose off spent fuel safelyD. convert nuclear energy into electrical energy |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 73. |
Which is the ultimate source of energy ?A. waterB. SunC. UraniumD. fossil fuels |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 74. |
Ocean thermal energy is due to :A. energy stored by waves in the oceanB. temperature difference at different levels in the oceanC. pressure difference at different levels in the oceanD. tides arising out in the ocean |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 75. |
Which one of the following forms of energy leads to least environmental pollution in the process of its harnessing and utilisation ?A. Nuclear energyB. Thermal energyC. Solar energyD. Geothermal energy |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 76. |
Industries which produce smoke and ash should be installed with_______to minimise air pollution.A. electric precipitatorsB. magnetic precipitatorsC. electrostatic precipitatorsD. all of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 77. |
On what basis would you classify energy sources as : (a) renewable and non-renewable ? (b) exhaustible and inexhaustible ? Are the options gives in (a) and (b) the same ? |
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Answer» (a) The source of energy that replenishes in nature is known as renewable source of energy. Sun, wind moving water, bio-mass, etc. are some of the examples of renewable sources of energy. The source of energy that does not replenish in nature is known as non-renewable sources of energy. (b) Exhaustible sources are those sources of energy, which will deplete and exhaust agter a few hundred years. Coal, petroleum,etc. are the exhaustible sources of energy. Inexhaustible resources of energy are those sources, which will not exhaust in future. These are unlimited. Bio-mass in one of the inexhaustible sources of energy. Yes. The options given in (a) and (b) are the same. |
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| 78. |
How is fission caused in `U-235` ? |
| Answer» Fission in `U-235` is caused by hitting `U-235` target with slow neutrons. | |
| 79. |
The rise of sea-water during high tide is caused by the gravitational pull of the :A. SunB. EarthC. MoonD. Mars |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 80. |
Name the constituent which is found in natural gas as well as in biogas. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Methane. | |
| 81. |
One of the following is not a required in the formation of biogas in a biogas plant. This is :A. cow-dungB. waterC. oxygenD. anaerobic bacteria |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 82. |
The major component of biogas is :A. hydrogenB. butaneC. hydrogen sulphideD. methane |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 83. |
The main constituent of biogas is :A. methaneB. carbon dioxideC. hydrogenD. hydrogen sulphide |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 84. |
How can solar energy be harnessed ? Mention any two limitations in using solar energy. How are these limitations overcome ? |
| Answer» Solar cooker (Art. ), Limitations of solar energy (Art. ) Solar cells are used to overcome these limitations. | |
| 85. |
Energy from varies sources is considered to have been derived from the Sun. Do you agree ? Justify your answer. |
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Answer» (i) All fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, `LPG`, natural gas) are the remains of the prehistoric plants and animals. The energy of the fossil fuels, in fact that solar energy which was trapped by natural processes a long time ago. (ii) Solar energy also appears in the form of energy of water flowing in rivers as is obvious from the water cycle in nature. It is this energy which generates electricity in hydroelectric power plants. (iii) Biomass energy is also the solar energy absorbed by the plants which convert it into chemical energy through photosythesis. (iv) Humans and animal use bioenergy to carry out their life activities. (v) Solar energy is one of the main factors reponsible for the movement of air in the atomosphere (i.e., the formation of winds) leading to wind energy. (vi) Solar energy is used directly in solar cookers and other solar energy devices. (vii) Solar energy is stored in the oceans in the form of Ocean Thermal Energy `(OTE)`. We, therefore, conclude that the Sun is the ultimate source of energy. |
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| 86. |
What is a source of energy ? |
| Answer» A source of energy is a system in which output is more than the input. The difference between output and input is the useful energy given by the source. | |
| 87. |
What kind of mirror-concave, convex or plane-would be best suited for use in a solar cooker ? Why ? |
| Answer» A concave mirror is best suited for use in a solar cooker. This is due to the reason that a concave mirror reflects and concentrates solar energy from over a large area into a small area. Such a mirror is called a solar concentrator. | |
| 88. |
A student constructed a box type solar cooker. He found that it did not work efficiently. What could this be due to ? Give any four possible mistakes in the construction and operation of the cooker. What maximum temperature can ordinarly be reached inside a solar cooker ? |
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Answer» The four possible mistakes in the construction and operation of the cooker are : (i) the interior of solar cooker might not have been blackened, (ii) plastic cover might have been used instead of glass cover, (iii) the cooker might not have been properly insulated, (iv) the cooking utensils might not have been blackend. |
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| 89. |
One of the following is not a characteristic of a good fuel. This is :A. high calorific valueB. no emission of smokeC. smooth burningD. natural gas |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 90. |
The energy produced by converting 1 gram mass of a nuclear fuel into energy completely is :A. `9 xx 10^(16) J`B. `9 xx 10^(14) J`C. `9 xx 10^(15) J`D. `9 xx 10^(13) J` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 91. |
An uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction forms the basis of :A. nuclear power plantB. hydrogen bombC. thermal power stationD. atom bomb |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 92. |
There are many dangers in the use of nuclear power plants. There have been a number of situations in which these dangers have become real disasters, giving birth to safety and regulatory agencies. (a) Name three main dangers of nuclear power plants. (b) How should the nuclear nations conduct themselves to avert these dangers ? |
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Answer» (i) (a) The greatest danger is about a severe accident in a nuclear reactor, known as nuclear meltdown. The most significant disasters took place at Three Mile Island (in `US`) in `1979` and Chernobyl (Ukraine) in `1986`. (b) The long term danger of nuclear power plant is the disposal of waste products to prevent their theft or exposure to soil or water. ( c) A serious danger associated with nuclear power plants is the threat of terrorism. (iii) Nuclear powers have to behave with great responsibility as nuclear energy can sustain as well as annihilate humanity. |
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| 93. |
One eV (electron volt) of nuclear energy is equivalent to :A. `1.6 xx 10^(-14) J`B. `1.6 xx 10^(-12) J`C. `1.6 xx 10^(-19) J`D. `1.6 xx 10^(-13) J` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 94. |
In a nuclear power plant, coolant is a substance :A. which cools the hot, spent steam to condense it back to waterB. which transfers heat from reactor to water in heat exchangerC. which is boiled to make steam to turn the turbineD. which cools the generator coils to prevent their overheating. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 95. |
The energy in the reactor of a nuclear power station is produced by the process of :A. nuclear diffusionB. nuclear fissionC. nuclear fusionD. nuclear fermentation |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 96. |
The control rods used in the reactor of a nuclear power plant are made of :A. steelB. graphiteC. uraniumD. boron |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 97. |
Which of the following is used as a moderator in the reactor of a nuclear power station ?A. liquid sodiumB. boronC. graphiteD. carbon dioxide |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 98. |
`48 kJ` of energy is produced per minute in a nuclear. Calculate the number of fissions which would be taking place in the reactor per second, if the enegry released per fission is `3.2 xx 10^-11 J`. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - `2.5 xx 10^13` Total energy produced/minute `= 48 kJ = 48 xx 10^3 J` Energy produced/second `= (48 xx 10^3)/(60) J = 0.8 xx 10^3 J` Energy released/fission `= 3.2 xx 10^-11 J`. Number of fissions/second `= ("energy produced"//"s")/("energy released"//"fission") = (0.8 xx 10^3)/(3.2 xx 10^-11) = 2.5 xx 10^13`. |
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| 99. |
In a nuclear reactor, the energy is released by bormbarding uranium nucleaus with _______A. fast moving neutronsB. slow moving `alpha`-particlesC. fast moving electronsD. slow moving neutrons |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 100. |
Statement-A : For nuclear fusion to take place a very high temperature is required Statement-B hydrogen bomb is based on a nuclear fusion reaction.A. Both statements A and B are true.B. Statement A is true. Statement (B) is false.C. Statement A is false, statement B is true.D. Both statement A and B are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |