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Right answer is (d) MYOFIBRILS

Explanation: Each muscle is made up of MANY long, cylindrical fibres arranged in parallel arrays. These fibres are COMPOSED of NUMEROUS fine fibrils CALLED myofibrils.

Correct choice is (d) Longevity

Easy explanation: The fibres of connective TISSUE provide strength, elasticity and flexibility to the tissue. These CELLS also SECRETE modified polysaccharides, which accumulate between cells and fibres and ACT as a matrix.

Correct choice is (a) Blood

Explanation: Blood is a fluid connective TISSUE containing plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and PLATELETS. It is the main CIRCULATING fluid that helps in the transport of VARIOUS substances.

The correct option is (b) MODE of pouring of SECRETIONS

To explain: Glands are of mainly two TYPES- exocrine and endocrine glands. These glands are DIVIDED on the basis of mode of pouring of their secretions. For example, if secretions are poured through the DUCTS then these are called exocrine glands and if secretions are poured directly into the blood then they are called endocrine glands.

Correct OPTION is (a) Ciliated epithelium

Easy EXPLANATION: If the columnar or cuboidal cells bear cilia on their free surface they are CALLED the ciliated epithelium. Their function is to move particles or MUCUS in a specific direction over the epithelium.

Right answer is (C) diffusion

To explain: Frogs can BREATHE both on land and in water. Frogs breathe in water through the SKIN. This is known as CUTANEOUS respiration. Cutaneous respiration in frogs takes place by the process of diffusion.

Right answer is (c) dioecious

Easiest explanation: Cockroaches are dioecious. This MEANS that the MALE and female reproductive organs of cockroach are present separately. HENCE, they are not BISEXUAL, hermaphrodite and monoecious as these have both the organs in the same ANIMAL.

The correct OPTION is (c) Digestive system

Explanation: The proventriculus of COCKROACH is also known as gizzard. It is a PART of the digestive system of cockroach. The FUNCTION of the gizzard is to mechanically break down food by the PROCESS of grinding.

The correct option is (B) 8^th, 9^th

To ELABORATE: The 8^th and 9^th segments of the abdomen of the female COCKROACH are a part of the brood pouch or the genital pouch. The genital pouch is made of the 8^th, 9^th and BOAT – shaped 7^th segments.

Right option is (a) Dorsal blood vessel

The best explanation: The dorsal blood vessel is present along the LENGTH of the EARTHWORM’s BODY. It is seen as a DARK MEDIAN line. Prostomium covers the mouth while clitellum is a band of glandular tissue covering the 14^th to 16^th segments.

Right option is (b) They are used as fishing BAIT

Explanation: Earthworms are very beneficial for agriculture and INCREASE soil FERTILITY. They aerate the soil by creating burrows in which they live. They are KNOWN as ‘friends of farmers’. Earthworms are ALSO used as fishing bait.

The correct choice is (b) Lateral

Easiest explanation: The respiratory SYSTEM of cockroaches consists of a network of the trachea, that OPEN through 10 pairs of SMALL holes called spiracles which are present on the lateral side of the body.

Correct option is (a) True

Explanation: Special venous connection between LIVER and intestine as WELL as the kidney and lower parts of the BODY are PRESENT in the frogs. The former is called a hepatic portal system and the LATTER is called the renal portal system.

Right option is (b) False

The explanation: The first body segment is CALLED as the PERISTOMIUM which CONTAINS the MOUTH. In a mature worm, segments 14-16 are covered by a prominent dark BAND of glandular tissue called the clitellum.

Right answer is (a) True

For EXPLANATION I would say: Frogs POSSESS a lymphatic system. The lymphatic system CONTAINS lymph, lymph channels and lymph nodes. The CIRCULATORY or vascular system of frogs is also well-developed and of closed type.

The correct choice is (a) True

To ELABORATE: Frogs show sexual dimorphism. This means that APART from DIFFERENCES in reproductive organs of the two sexes, the APPEARANCE or phenotypic characteristics differs with sex within the same animal SPECIES.

Correct answer is (b) False

The BEST EXPLANATION: Larvae are not formed during the development of earthworms. Hence, the development of earthworms is direct as young worms are formed directly WITHOUT an INTERMEDIATE larval stage.

The CORRECT answer is (b) Between MIDGUT and hindgut

The BEST I can EXPLAIN: The Malpighian tubules of cockroach are present between the midgut and hindgut. They are 100-150 in number and are arranged in a ring. The Malpighian tubules are YELLOW, thin and filamentous.

The correct choice is (c) PHARYNX

Explanation: The buccal cavity is present from the 1^st to 3^rd segment. It is the MOUTH part of the body of the earthworm. The buccal cavity opens up into the pharynx. The pharynx is made of MUSCULAR TISSUE.

The correct option is (b) 18^th SEGMENT

Explanation: The male genital pores of the earthworm are PRESENT on the ventral lateral SIDES of the 18^th segment. They are two in number. The earthworm also CONTAINS a female genital pore as it is a hermaphrodite.

Right option is (C) Vasa efferentia

The best EXPLANATION: The elimination of nitrogenous wastes is carried out by a well-developed excretory SYSTEM. The excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, ureters, CLOACA and urinary BLADDER.

Right choice is (c) They hide to protect themselves

Best explanation: The frogs are not SEEN during peak summer and winter because during this period they TAKE SHELTER in deep burrows to protect them from extreme heat and cold. This is called as summer sleep (AESTIVATION) and winter sleep (Hibernation) respectively.

Correct ANSWER is (b) 2000

Easy explanation: The compound eyes of cockroaches are situated at the dorsal SURFACE of the head. Each EYE CONSISTS of about 2000 hexagonal ommatidia. With the help of several ommatidia, a COCKROACH can receive several images of an object.

Right answer is (C) 10

For explanation: The frog has a well-developed nervous system as well as an ENDOCRINE system. The nervous system is DIVIDED into central, peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. 10 pairs of cranial NERVES arise from the brain.

The correct option is (d) Anus

The EXPLANATION is: The anus is not a PART of the excretory system of FROGS. Their excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, a urinary bladder, a URETER and a cloaca. Waste is PASSED out of the cloaca. Frogs are ureotelic.

The correct option is (c) Phallomere

The explanation: The phallomere or male gonapophysis is an external ORGAN in male cockroach. The male gonopore, the EJACULATORY DUCT and the seminal vesicle are INTERNAL structures. All the structures are a part of the male reproductive system.

Correct answer is (a) SETAE

Easy explanation: The location of setae is MID – segmental in the epidermal pits. They are S – SHAPED and present in rows. The main FUNCTION of the setae is to help with locomotion. They are extendable and retractable.

The correct OPTION is (c) columnar epithelial cells

Explanation: The EPIDERMIS is made of columnar epithelial cells. They are present in a single LAYER. The epidermis lies below the cuticle. There are two layers of muscles present below the epidermis. Human SKIN is made of squamous epithelium.

Right ANSWER is (a) Class Insecta

To explain I would say: Cockroaches are brown or black bodied animals that are included in class Insecta of Phylum ARTHROPODA. Bright yellow, red and GREEN coloured cockroaches have been reported in TROPICAL regions.

Correct answer is (c) Three

Explanation: The EXCRETORY organs of earthworm occurs as segmentally arranged coiled TUBULES CALLED nephridia. They are of three types –

i. SEPTAL nephridia

ii. Integumentary nephridia

iii. PHARYNGEAL nephridia.

Right choice is (B) False

To explain I would say: The EARTHWORM EXHIBITS a closed type of BLOOD VASCULAR system, consisting of blood vessels, capillaries and heart. Due to the closed circulatory system, blood is confined to the heart and the blood vessels.

The correct choice is (a) CELLS, Tissues, Organs, Organ systems

Easy explanation: Various cells make up tissues. Tissues organize to form organs, which organize to form organ systems. This system of ORGANIZATION of the human body is essential for the EFFICIENT and PROPER functioning of the various specialized cells for the purpose of survival.

Correct option is (c) Tendon

Explanation: Collagen FIBERS are present in parallel bundles in dense regular CONNECTIVE tissues, such as in TENDONS. Skin, submucosa of digestive tract and tunica albuginea covering the testes have dense irregular connective tissue.

Correct choice is (c) Triangular

Explanation: The SINUS venosus is a triangular structure. It receives blood from the vena CAVA which are major VEINS of the body. The sinus venosus then JOINS the right atrium and DELIVERS the deoxygenated blood.

Right answer is (b) Sphincters are present at the openings of SPIRACLES

The BEST I can explain: Sphincters are present at the openings of spiracles and regulate its opening and closing. Exchange of gases takes place through diffusion at the tracheoles. There are 10 pairs of spiracles which are located on the lateral SIDE of the BODY.

Correct OPTION is (a) BOAT – shaped

The best EXPLANATION: The abdomen of the cockroach is divided into 10 SEGMENTS. The seventh sternum or segment is boat shaped. It is a PART of the brood or genital pouch along with the eighth and ninth segments.

The correct ANSWER is (c) chitin

Best explanation: The teeth of the gizzard or proventriculus is MADE of chitin. The function of the gizzard in cockroach is to mechanically break down the INGESTED food by the process of GRINDING. The teeth help in grinding.

Correct option is (a) Two

To ELABORATE: The BODY of the cockroach is DIVIDED into three PARTS – the HEAD, the thorax and the abdomen. The thoracic segments have one pair of legs each. The head is joined to the prothorax via a flexible neck.

The correct choice is (a) Head, Thorax, Abdomen

Best explanation: The BODY of the cockroach is divided into THREE REGIONS. These regions are head, thorax and abdomen. The cockroach also possesses two pairs of wings that extend BEYOND the abdomen in male COCKROACHES.

The correct option is (B) Chitin

For EXPLANATION I would say: The exoskeleton of cockroach is made of chitin. It is a polysaccharide. Chitin is fibrous in nature and it is the MAIN COMPONENT of the exoskeletons of Arthropods as well as the cell walls of FUNGI.

Correct choice is (d) OVIDUCT

Explanation: In the body of earthworms, the ovarian funnels are present below the ovaries. The ovarian funnels OPEN up into the oviduct and join TOGETHER. They lead to an opening on the ventral side KNOWN as the FEMALE genital pore.