Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

1. Able and honest persons do not get proper opportunity. 

2. Economic imbalance increases in society and the gap been poor and rich becomes wider.

1. The corrupt person should be punished by fast court 

2. The charity given to political parties should be scrutinized.

One of the countries influenced by terrorism is India.

Lokpal System and auditing.

Current scenario of political criminalisation in India : 

In India the tendency to take up politics as useful business gives birth to political criminalisation. There is a great possibility of criminalisation in party politics because in it, the way to enjoy power opens through election. At present in Indian politics, increasing number of criminals indicates the level of criminalisation in all political parties where the selection of the candidates is done through a non-democratic way. All the parties, instead of people of good character, give tickets to the people who, have power, wealth and a greater possibility to win.

Cause of Political Criminalisation : 

1. Lack of national feeling. 

2. Delay in judicial process increases this problem. 

3. Mixture of wealth and power in politics. 

4. Lack of honest and impartial leadership. 

5. Ineffective implementation of law. 

6. Close nexus among police, politicians and administrative officers. 

7. Materialistic tendency, in other words, greed for luxury and facilities. 

8. High level of poverty, unemployment. 

9. Acceptance of leaders, having criminal background, by people. 

10. Drawbacks in electoral system.

Prevention Measures : 

1. To make election commission transparent. 

2. To introduce provisions like NOTA, so that people of criminal background may not win the election. 

3. Law should be made rigid and should be executed in an effective way. 

4. Not to select the person in election process who has criminal background. 

5. Special arrangement of fast-track court. 

6. To manage online election effectively. 

7. To fine and punish political parties who give tickets to criminals. 

8. To remove poverty, illiteracy and unemployment in a planned way. 

9. Not to accept the leaders of criminal background. 

10. To remove the shortcomings of electoral system. 

11. To remove the drawback in quality and ability of the government

(d) All of these

1. Materialistic Tendency 

2. Lack of national feeling.

Terrorism has deep relation with Islamic terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir and active Naxalism in other states.

(c) Sri Lanka

Soon after getting complaint against any employee or officer, quick action be taken and red-handed arrest be made and punishment be meted out.

Terrorism is supported on the basis of foreign instigation of youths in creating a sense of fanaticism and to oppose the people from getting in national mainstream.

Terrorism causes greater loss to world peace.

Islamic terrorism.

In Pakistan the terrorists kill 132 children in a school.

1. Use of EVM machine, 

2. Videography of sensitive booths, 

3. Selection of impartial election observers.

On religious and caste basis.

David Fromkin.

Brenajin Kins.

Demonetisation of November 8, 2016.

Former Soviet Union scholar Yuri Triffonav.

Psychological elements of terrorism : 

Terrorism is a psychological attack. Its target is to get psychological results. The psychological elements of terrorism can be clarified through following points 

1. Intimidation : 

It means to make people afraid. It is an active psychological element. Through it, terrorist groups try to spread panic among people. Through it, they produce terror among the people. 

2. Instigating Tendency : 

Terrorist groups incite the people’s feelings, religious fanaticism, and in doing so they create a gap in people. 

3. Promotion by Acts : 

In whole society, terrorist groups carry out violent activities to promote terrorism such as – causing riots in the name of religion, killing thousands of people by bomb blasts, etc. Through these ways, the terrorists spread terror in the society.

Terrorist were active in the each comer of India with the help of back money. Due to demonetisation, their money went out of circulation. They found it hard to run their activities.

1. Adverse effect on the efficiency of government machinary. 

2. To encourage formation of new terrorist groups.

1. To attract media through violence, 

2. To create an, atmosphere full of fear.

1. To spread fear among common people, 

2. To put pressure on the government.

Mainly, there are three targets behind terrorist action:

1. Work ethic goal: 

On this level to make spread fear among people, threatening, creating terror is included. Through this medium the terrorist groups try to influence and alienate the public in the society. 

2. Strategic goal: 

Under this goal terrorist activity is performed. In other way, execution of conspiracy is done. 

3. Guided goal: 

Through this medium, the terrorist groups want to take advantage from government for this. They want to draw public attention so that they may get to achieve their goal.

Bad results :

 Following are the bad results of high media coverage of a terrorist incident: 

1. Helpful in making terrorists group : 

Media coverage inspires many terrorists to make their group; consequently in many states, they help terrorist activities. 

2. Knowledge of new information : 

Due to media coverage they get knowledge of new preventive tactics and they execute terrorist activities by using new strategies. 

3. Opposite effect : 

Media coverage draws opposite effect on the working style of the government. 

4. To gain publicity :

 Because of religious and communal reasons, terrorist may get cheap publicity.

After the end of cold war, terrorism has become a complicated problem.

Meaning of Islamic terrorism : 

Islamic terrorism is a distorted form of Islam which has become more powerful in last 20 or 30 years. Islamic terrorists do not have feeling of dedication towards a particular group but to a particular community. Commitment towards Islam is the main tendency. Self sacrifice, inhumanity, forcible money collection and ruthless murder have become the characteristic of Islamic terrorism. This form of Islam murders more Muslims than people of other communities. At this time, the cause of Muslim deaths is not American drones but Islamic attack. Muslims are torturing Muslims. In jammu and Kashmir state, Islamic terrorism comes in the category of religious fundamentalism and separatism.

Forms of terrorism in India : 

Terrorism in India can be clarified through following point :

1. In India, all the terrorist groups for achieving the goal, use different techniques to create fear and violence. 

2. In India, terrorism in Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir comes in the category of separatism. 

3. In India, the terrorists to change public religion are using worst and merciless way in the name of religion.

4. Besides, local terrorist organisations in India, trained foreign terrorists are also active who are supported by Pakistan. 

5. The subversive acts in India are done by criminals, smugglers and other foreign agencies.

Problem of Terrorism : 

The word terrorism has originated from Latin word ‘Terror’ which means great fear or panic. Commonly, any method to create any type of fear can be called terrorism. Terrorism is usually supported by religious, ethnic, regional and social grounds. In modem era fear is the chief basis of so called totalitarian rule. The fundamental goal of terrorism is to grab power by removing the existing or lawrelated rule. Terrorism is the most dangerous psychological warfare tool of the world. After the end of the cold war, terrorism has become a big threat to the world. Terrorism is evolving new trends in which there is an apprehension of the use of atomic or biological weapons and chemical weapons and a danger of mass destruction.

It has been a strategy of the terrorists to create fear in common public in a planned way, profit should be gained from the government and demands should be raised before government. In the history of India, terror has been used again and again to get power. In the two decades of last century in India, Sikh terrorism, Islamic terrorism of Jammu and Kashmir, terrorism in the different states of north east, etc can be included in the definition of terrorism.

In Jammu and Kashmir of India, besides local terrorist groups, other trained and foreign terrorists of Pakistan are also active, but most of the terrorists groups of 20th and 21st century have failed in their motives. In Punjab in India, terrorists remained a failure. In Kashmir, these groups get support from local public due to religious factor, but these groups are forced to kneel before security forces. ISIS, Boko Haram, Taliban and other Muslim terrorist groups remained a failure politically. Today, terrorism has become a challenge to world peace and security. This problem will not come to an end until all the world’s nations unite and face it. All sovereign nations should take strong steps to deal with this problem.

They following are the measures to end terrorism : 

• Making common agreement on national problems : 

To fight terrorism, attempt should be made on political level. The requirement is that in view of public interest and interest of party and interest of the country, right at the initial level of the problem, its solution should be found. 

• Arrangement of quick punishment for criminals : 

To control crime, quick punishment should be given to criminals so that faith may be created in public and fear may be created in the mind of the criminals. 

• Modernisation of police and security forces : 

Police and security forces should be made modem. All administrative systems should be improved, Today Mafia, Smugglers, and all types of criminals are in the outfit of terrorism. By making the administrative body strong Mafia, Smugglers and other criminal elements should be kept separate from terrorism. 

• Better cooperation between government and public : 

To control terrorism, it is necessary to have wider cooperation between government and public. Without public coperation, it is not possible to control terrorism. So it is in this direction that the government and the public have to work together. 

• Arrangement of powerful law : 

Arrangement of powerful law should be made so that the making of weapons is to be done in public sector. No weapons should be made in private sector. 

• Use of effective intelligence inputs :

 Intelligence inputs should be used to collect information about terrorists, their working style, sources of financial help and weapons. 

• Scientific training to soldiers : 

The soldiers should be trained scientifically to face terrorists. 

• Strong security measures : 

Arrangement of regular security should be done at important and vulnerable places.

Meaning of terrorism : 

The word terrorism is originated from Latin word ‘Terror’ which means to make someone to tremble. When a person or a group for the fulfilment of their unfair demands uses violence and tries to pressurise the government in a negative way on a large scale, it is called terrorism. Terrorism usually gets support on the bases of religion, caste and race. Terrorists use modem weapons against nation and society. It is a tendency in which such elements do not care committing heinous crimes against humanity.

Causes of terrorism : 

Following causes are responsible for terrorism.

• Exploitation and tendencies of injustice : 

Both exploitation and injustice are responsible for it. Many land reform laws were passed by state government. But the position of landless people could not be improved. Racial violence in Bihar and Naxalite terrorism is a main reason. 

• Illegal supply of weapons : 

Terrorists keep modem illegal weapons and also supply them to their affiliated groups. There is no strict ban on illegal weapons. Many multinational companies manufacture weapons. These companies remain in contact with Taliban, Al Qaida and a dozen more terrorist groups. 

• Foreign help to terrorists : 

Today, many countries are giving shelter to terrorists. They train them and give them financial support. It is done so as to create disturbance in other countries. For example: Pakistan is providing all sorts of help to terrorists in Kashmir. 

• Corruption : 

Corruption is widespread everywhere in the world. Today, officers of high rank compromise their morals. They surrender to the greed of money. 

• Delay injustice : 

To contain terrorism, a greater coordination among executive body, judiciary body and legislative body is a must. The legislative body should make strict laws. Executing body should implement laws strictly and the judiciary should not delay to punish those who disobey the laws. It is necessary to enforce the law strongly. For a terrorist, life-imprisonment and death sentence should be the punishment. 

• Lack of balanced development in economic areas : 

Economic differences should be eradicated in different territorial regions of India. Maharashtra is prosperous in comparison with other states but Vidharbh in spite of being in Maharashtra, is economically backward. This gives birth to terrorism. 

• Party politics : 

For the votes, the political parties do not care while resorting to unfair means. In politics, big leaders give shelter to criminals to avail the political position. Many times, the political parties for their self interest coorperate with the terrorist organisations. 

• Dissatisfaction among youths : 

In present era, unemployment is a serious problem. The number of educated unemployed is very high. An uneducated person can do any kind of work but an educated person hesitates in doing so, and hates doing physical labour. Poverty is said to be the mother of crime, and a dying person can do anything. When this dissatisfaction pervades among the youths, they start indulging in illegal activities. Later on, such youths become terrorists.

At present terrorism a serious challenge, and to eradicate it two measures can be suggested: 

• Preparation of common agreement on national issues : 

Terrorism cannot be removed by using force. It can be removed by knowing its principal cause and the weak feeling of brotherhood among different classes and communities will have to be strengthened. With it, there is a need to keep national issues away from party politics and need to make general agreement, which will boost unity. 

•  Modernisation of police and security forces : 

Indian police and security forces are fighting against terrorists with old weapons even today, while the terrorists are using modem weapons. In such cases old weapons are proving useless. Thus to face terrorism, police and armed forces should be equipped with modem weapons.

Working style: 

Following techniques are adopted by terrorists to achieve their goals. 

1. To kill innocent people. 

2. To destroy public property by violent 

3. To launch attacks on police and armed forces. 

4. To launch attacks on a particular community. 

5. To spread hatred.

Besides above mentioned facts, following activities are also done by terrorists : 

1. Violence against a particular group or particular class. 

2. Kidnap or murder of an important person and to put unfair demand for releasing that person. 

3. Hijack of aeroplanes and robbery, etc. 

4. Isolating youth from mainstream by producing feeling of orthodoxy and fundamentalism.

Fanaticism and terrorism : 

The tendency to regard terrorism as a religious ideology has long been a subject of controversy. This a complicated question whether terrorism is connected to a particular religion or not. This is also not true that the followers of a particular religion are indulging in terrorism. The analysis of terrorism indulged in by people of a particular religion in some countries is a serious subject which has emerged as a powerful tendency in last 25-30 years.

The terrorist affiliation towards a particular community is a negative tendency which is harmful for a healthy democratic society. Self sacrifice, in humanity, blackmailing, forcible money extortion and ruthless murders have become their characteristic. Terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir comes in a separate class. The 2014 massacre of 132 school children in Pakistan is a particularly dreadful face of terrorism.

U.S.A attacked Iraq and Afghanistan by declaring it an action against terrorism.