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101.

In the following compounds of xenon, highest number of lone pairs of electrons is present in :A. `XeF_(6)`B. `XeF_(4)`C. `XeO_(4)`D. `XeF_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - D
`XeF_(2)` has two bond pairs and three lone pairs of electrons.
102.

1 mol of `N_(2)H_(2)` loses 14 moles of electrons to from a new compound X. Assuming that the entire nitrogen appear in the new compound, what is the oxidation state of nitrogen in X?A. `-1`B. `+3`C. `-3`D. `+1`

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`overset(-2)(N_(2))H_(4) to X`
No. of electrons lost per N atom=5
O.S. of N in X `=-2+5=+3`
103.

Ferric iodide is very unstable but ferric chloride is stable. Explain.

Answer» Iodide ion `(I^(-))` is a strong reducing agent and reduces `Fe^(3+)` ion to `Fe^(2+)` ion. Therefore, ferric iodide `(FeI_(3))` does not exist while ferrous iodide `(FeI_(2))` does exist. On the other hand, chloride ion `(Cl^(-))` being a weak reducing agent cannot reduce `Fe^(3+)` ion. As a result, ferric chloride `(FeCl_(3))` is quite stable.
104.

The appropriate reduction potentials suggest that hydroxylamine should disproportionate .It disproportionate slowly in acidic solutions to giveA. `N_(2)O`and `NH_(4)^(+)`B. `N_(2)` and `NH_(3)`C. `NO` and `NH_(3)`D. `NO_(2)` and `NH_(4)^(+)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 1
`4[overset(-1)(N)H_(2)OH.H]^(+)rarroverset(+1)N_(2)O+2overset(-3)NH_(4)^(+)+2H^(+)+3H_(2)O`
It disproportionatesrapidly in alkaline solutions:
`3overset(-1)(N)H_(2)OHrarroverset(0)N_(2)+overset(-3)NH_(3)+3H_(2)O`
105.

What may be expected to happen when phosphine gas is mixed with chlorine gas ?A. `PCl_(3)` and HCl are formed and the mixture warms upB. `PCl_(5)` and HCl are formed and the mixture cools downC. `PH_(3).Cl_(2)` is formed with warming upD. The mixture only cools down.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
`PH_(3)+4Cl_(2) to PCl_(5) +HCl`
The reaction is exothermic in nature.
106.

Assertion : Fullerenes are the only pure form of carbon. Reason : It contains twenty, five membered rings and twelve, six membered rings.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Fullerenes have smooth structures without dangling bonds. It contains twenty, six-membered rings and twelve, five membered rings
107.

Graphite consists of layers of `C` atoms. Within the layers, covalent bonds hold the `C` atoms in six-membered rings. The `C-C` bond length in graphite is………pm.A. `141`B. `132`C. `120`D. `154`

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The `C - C` bonds in graphite are much shorter than those in diamond `(154 p m)` but very similar to the `140 p m` bonds in benzene `(C_(6)H_(6))`. The short interatomic distance in graphite is the consequence of multiple bonding between `C` atoms whithin layers. Like benzene, graphite has a delocalized `pi` electron system throughout the plane of the `C` rings resulting from the overlap of the `2p_(z)` atomic orbitals at right angles to the plane of the rings. This arrangement results in a net `1(1)/(3)` bonds between each pair of `C` atoms.
108.

The acid in which O-O bonding is present in :A. `H_(2)S_(2)O_(3)`B. `H_(2)S_(2)O_(6)`C. `H_(2)S_(2)O_(8)`D. `H_(2)S_(4)O_(6)`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
O-O bond is present `H_(2)S_(2)O_(8)` i.e.
Peroxydisuphuric acid.
109.

Which of the following elements can be involved in `p pi- d pi` bonding ?A. CarbonB. NitrogenC. PhosphorusD. Boron

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Valence shell configuration of phosphorus is `3s^(2)3p^(3)3d^(0)`. Its d-orbitals are involved in `p pi -d pi` bonding with the elements such as oxygen. For example, cyclometa-phosphoric acid
110.

In which of the following form does silicon exist as silica, `SiO_(2)` ?A. CristobaliteB. TridymiteC. QuartzD. All of these

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Silicon dioxide occurs in a number of different crystalline forms: quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite, each of which has a high and a low temperature modification.
111.

Silicon dioxide is insoluble in water ad in all acids except_____acid.A. hydrochloricB. hydrofluoricC. hydrobromicD. hydroiodic

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`SiO_(2) + 6HF rarr H_(2)SiF_(6) + 2H_(2)O`
This reaction explains why hydrofluoric acid is used to each glass.
112.

Which one of the following elements orms double or triple bond involving `p pi- p pi` bonding?A. CarbonB. SiliconC. GermaniumD. Tin

Answer» Correct Answer - A
113.

Which of the following oxides is acidic in nature ?A. `B_(2)O_(3)`B. `Al_(2)O_(3)`C. `Ga_(2)O_(3)`D. `ln_(2)O_(3)`

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The acidic nature of oxides changes from acidic to basic through amphoteric on moving down the group.
`underset(underset("less basic")("More acidic"))(underbrace(B_(2)O_(3))), underset("Amphoteric")(underbrace(Al_(2)O_(3) and Ga_(2)O_(3))), underset("Basic")(underbrace(ln_(2)O_(3) and Tl_(2)O_(3)))`
114.

Which of the following oxides is acidic in nature?A. `B_(2)O_(3)`B. `AI_(2)O_(3)`C. `Ga_(2)O_(3)`D. `Ib_(2)O_(3)`

Answer» Correct Answer - A
`B_(2)O_(3)` is acidic and reacts with basic (metallic) oxides forming metal borates. Aluminium and gallium oxides are amphoteric and those of indium and thallium are basic in their properties.
115.

Nitrogen sesquoxide `(N_(2)O_(3))`canbe obtained by cooling (below`-30^(@)C`)an equimolar mixture ofA. `N_(2)O` and `NO_(2)` gasesB. `N_(2)O` and `NO` gasesC. `NO` and `NO_(2)` gasesD. `N_(2)O` and `N_(2)O_(4)` gases

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
Dinitrogen trioxide ,th eleast stable of the common oxides of nitrogen ,is a dark blue liquid that decomposes above `230^(@)C`
it is prepared by colling a stoichimetric mixture of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide:
`NO(g)+NO_(2)(g) hArr N_(2)O_(3) (l)`
It is known inpure state in solid state at very low temperature. In the vapour state,it is present as an equivalent mixture of `NO` and `NO_(2)`.
The mixture of `NO` and `NO_(2)` can be obtained by the action of `6N` nitric acid on copper:
`2Cu+6HNO_(3)rarr2Cu(NO_(3))_(2)+ubrace(NO+NO_(2))_(N_(2)O_(2))+3H_(2)O`
`N_(2)O_(3)` is alos obtained by the reduction of nitric acid with arsenious oxide:
`{:(2KNO_(3)+H_(2)O_(4) rarr K_(2)SO_(4)+2HNO_(3)),(2HNO_(3) rarr H_(2)O+2NO+3O),([2FeSO_(4)+H_(2)SO_(4) +O rarr Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)+H_(2)O]xx3),(bar(2KNO_(3)+6FeSO_(4)+4H_(2)SO_(4) rarr K_(2)SO_(4)+3Fe_(2)+(SO_(4))_(3)+2NO+4H_(2)O)):}`
116.

On moving down the group, acidic nature of oxides of group 14.A. DecreasesB. IncreasesC. Remains sameD. Increases then decreases

Answer» Correct Answer - A
117.

Which of the following oxides will be the least acidic?A. `P_(4)O_(6)`B. `P_(4)O_(10)`C. `As_(4)O_(6)`D. `As_(4)O_(10)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
As we move down the group the acidic character of oxides ( in a given oxidation state)decreases .Thus `P` oxides are more acidic than `As` oxide for different oxides of the same element ,the acidic character increase as the oxidation number of the central atom increase. Thsu the correct order of acidic character is
`overset(+5)(P_(4))O_(10) gt overset(+3)(P_(4))O_(6) gt overset(+5)(As_(4))O_(10) gt overset(+3)(As_(4))O_(6)`
118.

Water gas is an equimolar mixture ofA. `CO and CH_(4)`B. `CO_(2) and H_(2)`C. `CO and H_(2)`D. `CO and N_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
An equimolecular mixture of `CO(45%)` and `H_(2)(50%)` is water gas. Now it is called synthesis gas or simply syn gas.
119.

Which of the metallic oxides is not an acidic oxide?A. `CrO_(3)`B. `Mn_(2)O_(7)`C. `V_(2)O_(3)`D. `V_(2)O_(5)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
As a general rule,only nonmetallic oxides are acidic but oxides of some metals in higher oxidation states also have acidic character.For example :
`SnO_(2)+H_(2)OrarrH_(2)SnO_(3)`
`Mn_(2)O_(7)+H_(2)Orarr2HMnO_(4)`
`CrO_(3)+H_(2)OrarrH_(2)CrO_(4)`
In vanadium there is a gradual change from the basic `V_(2)O_(3)` to less basic `V_(2)O_(4)` and to amphoteric (through mainly acidic) `V_(2)O_(5)`
in general.metallic oxides are basic.
120.

Oxide of nitrogen which is acidic in nature and blue solidA. `N_(2)O`B. `NO`C. `N_(2)O_(3)`D. `NO_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
121.

Silicones are a group of organosilicon polymers containing_______linkages.A. `Si-Si-O`B. `Si-O-Si`C. `O-Si-O`D. `Si-C-Si`

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Silicones are synthetic organosilicon compounds containing repeated `R_(2)SiO` units held by `Si-O-Si` linkages.
122.

Which of the following oxide of `C` is involved in the process of photosynthesis ?A. `CO_(2)`B. `CO`C. `C_(5)O_(6)`D. `C_(3)O_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - A
`CO_(2)`, which is normally present to the extent of `-0.03%` by volume in the atmosphere, is removed (absorbed) by plants through a process called photosynthesis. It is the process by which absorbed `CO_(2)` combines with `H_(2)O` to form carbohydrates (glucose, starch) in the presence of chlorophyll (green coloring pigment of leaves) and sunlight:
`6CO_(2) + 12H_(2)O underset("Chlorophyll") overset(hv)rarr C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) + 6O_(2) + 6H_(2)O`
Thus, by the process of photosynthesis, plants make food for themselves as well as for animals and human beings.
123.

Statement-1: Silicones are used as high class industrial insulators. Statement-2: Silicones are large covalent solids so bad conductors of electricity.A. Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true, statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1B. Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true, statement-2 is not correct explanation for statement-1C. Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is falseD. Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true

Answer» Correct Answer - A
124.

Silicones are used as.

Answer» Used in surgical and cosmetics.
125.

Silicones are fairly expensive but have many desirable properties such as (i) strongly water repellent (ii) good electricity insulators (iii) non-stick properties (iv) anti-foaming propertiesA. (i), (ii)B. (ii), (iii)C. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)D. (i), (ii), (iii)

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Silicones were originally developed as electrical insulators because they are more stable to heat than are organic polymers, and if they break down, they do not produce conducting materials as `C` does. They show resistance to oxidation and most chemicals Their strength and inertness are related to the stable silica-like skeleton of `Si-O-Si-O-Si` and very high strength of the `Si-O` bond.
126.

Amongest `H_(2)O,H_(2)S,H_(2)Se` and `H_(2)Te` the one with highest boiling point is :A. `H_(2)O` because of hydrogen bondingB. `H_(2)Te` because of higher molecular massC. `H_(2)S` because of hydrogen bondingD. `H_(2)Se` because of lower molecular mass

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Boiling point of water is maximum (373 K ) because of hydrogen bonding.
127.

Which of the following is correct for phosphorus ? (i) it occurs in minerals of the apatite family which are the main components of phosphate rocks. (ii) It is an essential constituent of animals and plant matter (iii) It is present in bones as well as in living cells. (iv) Phospho proteins are present in milk and eggs.A. (i),(ii),(iii)B. (i),(ii),(iii),(iv)C. (ii),(iii),(iv)D. (ii),(iii)

Answer» Correct Answer - 2
Phosphorous is found in phosphate rock, which is mostly calcium phosphate, `Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_2` and in fluorapatite, `Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)F`
The apatites are phosphate minerals with the formula `3(Ca^(2+))_(3) (PO_(4)^(3-))_(2),Ca^(2+)(X^(-))_(2)` where `X_(-)` is usually `F^(-), Cl^(-)`, or `OH^(-).`
Phosphorus is also important in living systems and is the sixth most aboundant element in the human body. Our bones are mostly `Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)` and tooth enamel is almost pure `Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)`. Phosphate gorups are an integral part of the nucleic acids `DNA` and `RNA` , the molecules that pass genetic information from generation to generation.
128.

`NO_(2)` reacts with `F_(2)` to giveA. `NO`B. `NO_(2)F_(2)`C. `NO_(2)F`D. `N_(2)F_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
The`NO_(2)-N_(2)O` system is a strong oxidizing agent. `NO_(2)` reacts with fluorine and chlorine, forming nitriyl fluoride `NO_(2)F` and nitriyl chloride `NO_(2)Cl`. It oxidizes to `HCl` and to `Cl_(2)` and `CO` to `CO_(2)`.
`2NO_(2)+F_(2)rarr2NO_(2)F`
`2NO_(2)+Cl_(2)rarr2NO_(2)Cl`
`2NO_(2)+4HClrarr2NOCl+CI_(2)+2H_(2)O`
`NO_(2)+COrarrCO_(2)+NO`
Other reactions are
`N_(2)O_(4)+KClrarrKNO_(3)+NOCl`
`2N_(2)O_(4)+2Klrarr2KNO_(3)+2NO+I_(2)`
`2N_(2)O_(4)+NaClO_(3)rarrNaNO_(3)+NO_(2)+ClO_(2)`
`N_(2)O_(4)+2ROHrarrRONO+ROH_(2)^(+)+NO_(3)^(-)`
129.

Dimer `Al_(2)Cl_(6)` is formed becauseA. Al is electron richB. Aluminium is having lone pair of electronC. aluminium forms covalent bonds with chlorine to complete its octetD. Aluminium donates lone pair to form bridge

Answer» Correct Answer - C
130.

The chemical formula for calcium chlorite isA. `CaCIO_(3)`B. `Ca(CIO_(4))_(2)`C. `Ca(ClO_(4))_(2)`D. `Ca(ClO_(3))_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
It is the calcium salt of chlorous acid ,`HCIO_(2)`
131.

The composition of aqua-regia is

Answer» 3 vol. of conc. HCl & 1 vol. of conc. `HNO_(3)`
132.

Which is the best description of the behaviour of bromine in the reaction given below `H_(2)O+Br_(2) rarr HOBr+HBr`A. proton acceptor onlyB. both oxidised and reducedC. oxidised onlyD. reduced only.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`H_(2)O+Boverset(0)r_(2) to Ho overset(+1)Br+H overset(-1)Br`
As `Br_(2)` undergoes increase and decrease in O.N., it is both oxidised and reduced.
133.

Which is the best description of the behaviour of bromine in the reaction given below `H_(2)O+Br_(2) rarr HOBr+HBr`A. Proton acceptanceB. Both oxidation and reductionsC. Only oxidationD. only reduction

Answer» Correct Answer - 2
It is relax reaction. Moreover it is a disproportionation as `Br` is oxidized (0 to +1) as well as reduced (0 to -1):
` Br_(2)+H_(2)O rarr overset(-1)(HBR)+overset(+1)(HOBr)`
134.

Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of (a)`B to TI` and (b) `C to Pb`.

Answer» (i) B to TI
The electric configuration of group 13 elements is `ns^(2)" "np^(1)`. Therefore, the most common oxidation state exhibited by them should be +3. However, it is only boron and aluminium which practically show the +3 oxidation state. The remaining elements, i.e., Ga, In, Tl, show both the +1 and +3 oxidation states. On moving down the group, the +1 state bocmes more stable. For example, Tl (+1) is more stable than Tl(+3). This is because of the inert pair effect. The two electrons present in the s-shell are strongly attracted by the nucleus and do not participate in bonding. This inert effect becomes more and more prominent on moving down the group. Hence, Ga (+1) is unstable, In (+1) is fairly stable, and Tl (+1) is very stable.
`{:("Group 13 element","Oxidation state"),(B,+3),(Al,+3),("Ga,In,Tl","+1,+3"):}`
The stability of the +3 oxidation state decreases on moving down the group.
(ii) C to Pb
The electronic configuration of group 14 elements is `ns^(2)" "np^(2)`. Therefore, the most common oxidation state exhibited by them should be +4. However, the +2 oxidation state becomes more and more common on moving down the group. C and Si mostly show the +4 state. On moving down the group, the higher oxidation state becomes less stable. This is because of the inert pair effect. Thus, although Ge, Sn, and Pb show both the +2 and +4 states, the stability of the lower oxidation state increases and that of the higher oxidation state decreases on moving down the group.
`{:("Group 14 element","Oxidation state"),(C,+4),(Si,+4),("Ge,Sn,Pb","+2,+4"):}`
`overset("stability of +2 state increases")rarr`
`underset("stability of +4 state decreases")overset("C "Si" "Ge" "Sn" "Pb")rarr`
135.

Assertion (A) :F atom has less electron than `CI^(Theta)` atom Reason (R ) : Additional electrons are repelled more effectively by `3p` electron in `CI` atom than by` 2p` electron in F atomA. If both assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.C. If assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.D. If both assertion and reason are incorrect.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Correct reason. Due to very small size and high electron density, it is very difficult for the F atom to accept an extra electron from outside.
136.

Which of the following compounds is an explosive white hygroscopic solid?A. `XeO_(3)`B. `XeO_(4)`C. `XeOF_(4)`D. `XeO_(2)F_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 1
Xenon trioxide is a colourless, deliquescent soild that is quite explosive. Xenon tetroxide is an explosive gas whilst other compounds are colourless volatile liquids.
137.

Which of the following group `13` elements have pseudo noble gas configuration is their penultimate shell?A. `B` and `Al`B. `Al` and `Ga`C. `Ga` and `In`D. `In` and `Tl`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Both `Ga` and `In` have `18` electrons in their penultimate shell.
138.

`KIO_(3)` reacts with `SO_(2)` in an acidic medium to produce.A. `Kl`B. `KIO_(4)`C. `I_(2)`D. `KI_(3)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
`SO_(2)` reduces acidified iodates to iodine
`{:(SO_(2)+2H_(2)O rarr H_(2)SO_(4)+ 2H"]"xx5),(2 KIO_(3)+H_(2)SO_(4) rarr K_(2)SO_(4)+2HIO_(3)),(2HIO_(3)+10H rarr I_(2) +6H_(2)O),(bar(2KIO_(3)+5SO_(2)+4H_(2)O rarr K_(2)SO_(4)+4H_(2)SO_(4)+I_(2))):}`
139.

Write the order of the thermal stability of the hydrides of group 16 elements.

Answer» down the group thermal stability decreases.
140.

Arrange the following hydrides of group 16 elements in order of increasing stability.A. `H_(2)S lt H_(2)O lt H_(2) Te gt H_(2)Se`B. `H_(2)O lt H_(2)Te lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2)S`C. `H_(2)O lt H_(2)S lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2)Te`D. `H_(2)Te lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2)S lt H_(2)O`

Answer» Correct Answer - D
There is a decrease in bond enthalpy (H - E) as the size of the element increases on moving down the group hence, the stability decreases on moving down the group.
141.

The boiling points of hydrides of group 16 are in the orderA. `H_(2)O lt H_(2)S lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2) Te`B. `H_(2)Te lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2)S lt H_(2)O`C. `H_(2)S lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2) Te lt H_(2)O`D. `H_(2)O lt H_(2) Te lt H_(2)Se lt H_(2)S`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
142.

The decreasing order of boiling points of the following hydrides isA. `SbH_(3) gt AsH_(3) gt PH_(3) gt NH_(3)`B. `NH_(3) gt SbH_(3) gt AsH_(3) gt PH_(3)`C. `SbH_(3) gt NH_(3) gt AsH_(3) gt PH_(3)`D. `PH_(3) gt AsH_(3) gt SbH_(3) gt NH_(3)`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
`NH_(3)` has abnormally high boiling points because of their tendency to form hydrogen bonds. `NH_(3)` has higher boiling point than phosphine and then boiling point increases down the group because of increase in size. Hence, the order of boiling point will be `SbH_(3) gt NH_(3) gt AsH_(3) gt PH_(3)`
143.

Nitrogen forms `N_(2)` but phosphorous when forms `P_(2)` gets readily converted into `P_(4)` becauseA. `p pi - p pi` bonding is strong in phosphorusB. `p pi - p pi` bonding is weak in phosphorusC. triple bond is present in phosphorusD. single P - P bond is weaker than N -N bond.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`p pi - p pi` bonding in nitrogen is strong hence it can form triple bond with another N. Single N - N bond is weaker than P - P bond due to high interionic repulsion of non-bonding electrons. Hence, `N equiv N` is stable and P 2 is not.
144.

Which of the followng noble gases has the highest positive electron gain enthalpy ?A. HeliumB. KryptonC. ArgonD. Neon

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Neon has maxium `(Delta_(eg)H)` value `(+116 " kJ mol"^(-1))`
145.

Nitrogen forms `p pi - p pi` multiple bonds. Nitrogen exists as triply bonded diatomic gaseous molecule. Bond strength is very high which is responsible for inertness at ordinary conditions. The other members of nitrogen family form `d pi- p pi` bonding . Choose the correct answer : Thermal and electrical conductivity is highest inA. NB. PC. AsD. Bi.

Answer» Correct Answer - D
146.

Nitrogen forms `p pi - p pi` multiple bonds. Nitrogen exists as triply bonded diatomic gaseous molecule. Bond strength is very high which is responsible for inertness at ordinary conditions. The other members of nitrogen family form `d pi- p pi` bonding . Choose the correct answer : Which is most acidic in nature ?A. `Bi_(2)O_(3)`B. `Bi_(2)O_(4)`C. `Sb_(2)O_(3)`D. `Bi_(2)O_(5)`

Answer» Correct Answer - D
`Bi_(2)O_(5)` is most acidic in nature.
147.

Nitrogen forms `p pi - p pi` multiple bonds. Nitrogen exists as triply bonded diatomic gaseous molecule. Bond strength is very high which is responsible for inertness at ordinary conditions. The other members of nitrogen family form `d pi- p pi` bonding . Choose the correct answer : Maximum covalency of Sb will beA. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6

Answer» Correct Answer - D
The element sb can show maximum oxidation state of `+5` in its compounds e.g., `[SbF_(6)]^(-)`.
148.

Which of the following species has plane tringular shape ?A. `N_(3)^(-)`B. `NO_(3)^(-)`C. `NO_(2)^(-)`D. `CO_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 2
The azide ion `(N_(3)^(-))` has `16` valence electrons and is isoeelctronic with `CO_(2)` it is linear as is `CO_(2)`
`:overset(-)overset(..)(N)=overset(+)(N)=overset(-)overset(..)(N): harr:N equiv overset(+)(N)-underset(..)overset(2-)overset(..)(N): harr :underset(..)overset(2-)overset(..)(N) -overset(+)(N) equiv N:`
This question can also be credited to chemical bonding chapter (part 1).
149.

`PCl_(5)` acts as a chlorinating agent in organic reactions. Why ?

Answer» `PCl_(5)` has a trigonal bipyramidal shape in which P-Cl (a) bonds are slightly larger than the P-Cl (e ) bonds. This makes the molecule rather unstable. It dissociates to lose two chlorine atoms involved in the axial bonds and acts as a chlorinating agent.
`PCl_(5) harr PCl_(3)+Cl_(2)`
150.

Which of the following compounds of `C` plays a vital role in the carbon cycle?A. `CO_(2)`B. `CO`C. CarbonateD. Carbide

Answer» Correct Answer - A
In the `C` cycle, `CO_(2)` is consumed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis and is returned to the atmosphere by respiration and putrefaction.