46 + Interview Questions in UNDERSTANDING POVERTY IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 1 InterviewSolution

1.	Here are a few steps that the government must undertake to support agricultural growth and those dependent on agriculture. Can you write a few lines on each? Why is it important? You could give examples from your own context.i) Timely provision of seed, fertilizer, pesticides by the government such that the farmer does not have to depend on middlemen/ traders. The government must ensure that these products are of standard quality and reasonably priced. ii) Small irrigation projects iii) Timely availability of bank loans at reasonable interest rate iv) Outlets or marketing the crops at a fair price for producers v) Development of roads, transport systems in the countryside vi) Assistance to farmers in case of crop failure .
Answer» i) The farmers earn least income on agriculture. They cannot purchase seeds etc., from dealers for more rates. e.g.: In recent period, the low quality cotton seeds were supplied to the farmers in some districts. They met heavy losses due to this. ii) In India agriculture depends on monsoons which are indefinite. So the small irrigation projects should be encouraged. e.g : Ten years back there were no rains. So the farmers did not sow the seeds. But suddenly there were heavy rains in the months of July and August. They bought the sprouts for heavy rates and sowed them. The crops grew well. At the end of November there was a heavy cyclone. All the fields were drowned. So there should be small irrigation projects. iii) If the loans are not available in time, the farmers would approach the money lenders or other landlords. They collect heavy interests on the loans. The farmers will become .permanent debtors. e.g : In recent past the lorry owners announced and conducted a strike for many days. At that time some farmers failed to carry the sugarcane to the factory. They incurred heavy losses as it got dried. vi) In case of crop failure, the banks should lend additional loans and should write off the interests. Otherwise the farmers cannot cultivate in the next crop season. They cannot repay the loan. Today many farmers are committing suicides due to these reasons.

1.

Here are a few steps that the government must undertake to support agricultural growth and those dependent on agriculture. Can you write a few lines on each? Why is it important? You could give examples from your own context.i) Timely provision of seed, fertilizer, pesticides by the government such that the farmer does not have to depend on middlemen/ traders. The government must ensure that these products are of standard quality and reasonably priced. ii) Small irrigation projects iii) Timely availability of bank loans at reasonable interest rate iv) Outlets or marketing the crops at a fair price for producers v) Development of roads, transport systems in the countryside vi) Assistance to farmers in case of crop failure .

Answer»

i) The farmers earn least income on agriculture. They cannot purchase seeds etc., from dealers for more rates. e.g.: In recent period, the low quality cotton seeds were supplied to the farmers in some districts. They met heavy losses due to this.

ii) In India agriculture depends on monsoons which are indefinite. So the small irrigation projects should be encouraged.

e.g :

Ten years back there were no rains. So the farmers did not sow the seeds. But suddenly there were heavy rains in the months of July and August. They bought the sprouts for heavy rates and sowed them. The crops grew well. At the end of November there was a heavy cyclone. All the fields were drowned. So there should be small irrigation projects.

iii) If the loans are not available in time, the farmers would approach the money lenders or other landlords. They collect heavy interests on the loans. The farmers will become .permanent debtors.

e.g :

In recent past the lorry owners announced and conducted a strike for many days. At that time some farmers failed to carry the sugarcane to the factory. They incurred heavy losses as it got dried.

vi) In case of crop failure, the banks should lend additional loans and should write off the interests. Otherwise the farmers cannot cultivate in the next crop season. They cannot repay the loan. Today many farmers are committing suicides due to these reasons.

2.	The main problem faced by Indian agriculture. A) Irrigation problem B) Lack of loans on low-interest rate C) Farmers lack of availability of seeds of good quality and fertilizers D) All the above
Answer» D) All the above

3.	Choose the correct matching. Group – A Group – B 1) 2400 k.cal. a) Minimum 100 days employment in a year 2) 2100 k.cal. b) For rural people 3) National Sample Survey c) White cards 4) MNREGA d) 2004 5) BPL e) For urban peopleA) 1 – a, 2 – b, 3 – c, 4 – d, 5 – e B) 1 -e, 2 – d, 3 – c, 4 – a, 5 – bC) 1- b, 2 – e, 3 – d, 4 – a, 5 – c D) 1 – a, 2 – d, 3 – c, 4 – b, 5 – e
Answer» C) 1- b, 2 – e, 3 – d, 4 – a, 5 – c

4.	To perform our daily duties we need A) energy B) bravery C) money D) cleverness
Answer» To perform our daily duties we need energy

5.	People with very low income can spend very little and consume …… k.cal on an average. A) 1600 B) 1610C) 1624 D) 1660
Answer» People with very low income can spend very little and consume 1624 k.cal on an average.

6.	What is the average calorie intake of persons in the top quarter of the country?
Answer» The average calorie intake of persons in the top quarter in the country is 2521.

7.	The Right to Work is stated in ………. Article. A) 40 B) 42 C) 41 D) 39
Answer» The Right to Work is stated in 41 Article.

8.	The Indian Constitution refers to the right to work under the ……. of state policy. A) Fundamental Rights B) Directive Principles C) Preamble D) None of the above
Answer» B) Directive Principles

9.	The Right to food is a part of the right to ……….. A) Life B) Religious freedom C) Freedom D) Constitutional remedy
Answer» The Right to food is a part of the right to Life.

11.	The people intake 1624 k.cal. food as daily average. A) Rich B) Middle class C) Poor D) Poorest
Answer» Poorest people intake 1624 k.cal. food as daily average.

12.	One tea spoon of oil gives us k.cal. A) 50 B) 90 C) 100 D) 150
Answer» One tea spoon of oil gives us 90 k.cal.

14.	This is ………A) Rural picture B) Urban picture C) Forest area picture D) Mining area picture
Answer» (B) Urban picture

16.	“From this granary the king should set apart one half for the people in the countryside in times of distress, and use the other half and he should replace old stock for new” This was revealed in this book.A) Indica B) Raja Tarangini C) Arthasastra D) Neetisaram
Answer» C) Arthasastra

18.	What do you think can be done such that Ramachari and his family get two square meals a day?
Answer» Ramachari should also go to the nearest town with his wife for daily works. Then only he and his family can get two square meals a day.

20.	The year of MNREGA Act passed. A) 2004 B) 2005 C) 2006 D) 2007
Answer» MNREGA Act passed in year 2005 .

13.	The Indian Constitution refers to the right to work under the A) Fundamental rights B) Directive principles of state policy C) Fundamental duties D) Single citizen ship
Answer» B) Directive principles of state policy

15.	In the urban areas ……… of the persons have food that is deficient in calories. A) 2/5ths B) 1/5th C) 3/5ths D) 4/5ths
Answer» In the urban areas 3/5ths of the persons have food that is deficient in calories.

17.	Article …… stresses that the state, shall available to everyone both in the rural and urban areas. A) 40 B) 41 C) 42 D) 43
Answer» Article 41 stresses that the state, shall available to everyone both in the rural and urban areas.

19.	For many small farmers in the village, farming was getting more and more difficult in the village of Ramachari in the lesson. The reason behind this is A) dried canals B) more expenditure for digging borewells C) borrowing on high interest rates for purchasing seeds, fertilisers, pesticides D) All the above
Answer» D) All the above

21.	Can we consider Rs. 8000 a year sufficient to cover the family’s expenses (other than foodgrains)?
Answer» Rs. 8000 per year means Rs. 667 per month. We cannot consider it sufficient to cover the family’s expenses.

22.	What do you think can be done so that Ramachari and his family get two square meals a day?
Answer» Ramachari should also go to the nearest town with his wife for daily works. Then only he and his family can get two square meals a day.

23.	How many kilograms of paddy would Ramachari retain for the family in normal years?
Answer» 1300 kgs of rice approximately.

25.	One way to find out if adults are under nourished is to calculate what Nutrition scientists called ……A) Body Mass Index B) Body Dharmic Index C) Body Dharma Index D) Body Class Index
Answer» A) Body Mass Index

26.	These cards are issued to the very poor families A) Anna cards B) Amma cards C) Antyodaya cards D) Sampradaya cards
Answer» (C) Antyodaya cards

28.	The …… in the villages were asked to conduct surveys called BPL. A) Panchayats B) Peoples C) Officers D) Leaders
Answer» A) Panchayats

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The main problem faced by Indian agriculture. A) Irrigation problem B) Lack of loans on low-interest rate C) Farmers lack of availability of seeds of good quality and fertilizers D) All the above

To perform our daily duties we need A) energy B) bravery C) money D) cleverness

People with very low income can spend very little and consume …… k.cal on an average. A) 1600 B) 1610C) 1624 D) 1660

What is the average calorie intake of persons in the top quarter of the country?

The Right to Work is stated in ………. Article. A) 40 B) 42 C) 41 D) 39

The Indian Constitution refers to the right to work under the ……. of state policy. A) Fundamental Rights B) Directive Principles C) Preamble D) None of the above

The Right to food is a part of the right to ……….. A) Life B) Religious freedom C) Freedom D) Constitutional remedy

Discuss the different living standards in the following urban picture.

The people intake 1624 k.cal. food as daily average. A) Rich B) Middle class C) Poor D) Poorest

One tea spoon of oil gives us k.cal. A) 50 B) 90 C) 100 D) 150

The Indian Constitution refers to the right to work under the A) Fundamental rights B) Directive principles of state policy C) Fundamental duties D) Single citizen ship

This is ………A) Rural picture B) Urban picture C) Forest area picture D) Mining area picture

In the urban areas ……… of the persons have food that is deficient in calories. A) 2/5ths B) 1/5th C) 3/5ths D) 4/5ths

“From this granary the king should set apart one half for the people in the countryside in times of distress, and use the other half and he should replace old stock for new” This was revealed in this book.A) Indica B) Raja Tarangini C) Arthasastra D) Neetisaram

Article …… stresses that the state, shall available to everyone both in the rural and urban areas. A) 40 B) 41 C) 42 D) 43

What do you think can be done such that Ramachari and his family get two square meals a day?

The year of MNREGA Act passed. A) 2004 B) 2005 C) 2006 D) 2007

Can we consider Rs. 8000 a year sufficient to cover the family’s expenses (other than foodgrains)?

What do you think can be done so that Ramachari and his family get two square meals a day?

How many kilograms of paddy would Ramachari retain for the family in normal years?

In what way, was Ramachari’s livelihood related to agriculture in the village?

One way to find out if adults are under nourished is to calculate what Nutrition scientists called ……A) Body Mass Index B) Body Dharmic Index C) Body Dharma Index D) Body Class Index

These cards are issued to the very poor families A) Anna cards B) Amma cards C) Antyodaya cards D) Sampradaya cards

The …… in the villages were asked to conduct surveys called BPL. A) Panchayats B) Peoples C) Officers D) Leaders

According to this National Sample Survey, in rural areas, not even three families out of ten families have Antyodaya or BPL cards. A) 2002 B) 2001 C) 1999 D) 2004

The food grains issued to the BPL card holders per month in Andhra Pradesh. A) 5 kgs B) 6 kgs C) 4 kgs D) 7 kgs

The supply of food grains and daily essentials is done through. A) Public Co-operation System B) Public Distribution SystemC) Public Health System D) Public News System

PDS means A) Public Distribution System B) Public Division System C) Public Distribution Salinity D) People Distribution System

Give your comments on the given picture.

Read the paragraph under the heading ‘Why Poverty? How can it be eliminated?’ and answer the following: What are the other reasons for poverty?

More than workers migrated out of the village looking for work. A) 250 B) 300 C) 350 D) 400

Ration shops are also called fair price shops. Can you guess why?

A) What have been the major features in programmes like MNREGA and PDS? B) Which aspects of poverty do they try to address? C) Why are ration shops necessary?

Which of the following should be given to escape from poverty and hunger ? A) Right to work B) Right to food C) Both A &amp; B D) None

Do you think the poor will be served better now with new policy? Provide reasons in favour of your answer.

Why are people without employment also often without assets, such as land, cattle, shops, etc.?

Could you suggest some more ways of improving the PDS?

Why are people without employment also often without assets, such as land, cattle, shops etc.?

……… % of people in rural areas in India. Consume food that is below the calorie standard. A) 70 B) 80C) 90D) 60

If one eats low calorie food or without adequate nutrition. A) reduces the resistance power B) sapping energy C) looks like older then the real age D) All the above

Which of the following should be given to escape from poverty and hunger ? A) Right to work B) Right to food C) Both A & B D) None

29.	According to this National Sample Survey, in rural areas, not even three families out of ten families have Antyodaya or BPL cards. A) 2002 B) 2001 C) 1999 D) 2004
Answer» According to 2004 National Sample Survey, in rural areas, not even three families out of ten families have Antyodaya or BPL cards.

30.	The food grains issued to the BPL card holders per month in Andhra Pradesh. A) 5 kgs B) 6 kgs C) 4 kgs D) 7 kgs
Answer» The food grains issued to the BPL card holders per month in Andhra Pradesh is 4 kgs.

32.	In Andhra Pradesh, nearly two-fifths of all rural families are mainly agricultural labourers. Pick the correct comment. A) The main occupation in A.P. is in industrial sector. B) The primary occupation in A.P. is in service sector. C) The primary occupation in rural A.P. is in agricultural sector. D) None
Answer» C) The primary occupation in rural A.P. is in agricultural sector.

33.	The supply of food grains and daily essentials is done through. A) Public Co-operation System B) Public Distribution SystemC) Public Health System D) Public News System
Answer» B) Public Distribution System

34.	PDS means A) Public Distribution System B) Public Division System C) Public Distribution Salinity D) People Distribution System
Answer» A) Public Distribution System Public disturbution system

35.	Give your comments on the given picture.
Answer» This picture belongs to ‘Mid day meals scheme’. The girls are the beneficiaries of this scheme. In some poor families, children are not provided nutrious food and they are often suffered from hunger. The children studying in government schools, especially from such families will get benefited by this scheme. Undernourished children do not grow as quickly as healthy children. They will feel hard to study, work or otherwise perform physical activities. Mentally, they may develop more slowly. Keeping all these in view, the government is implementing Mid-day meal scheme for the well-being of the children belonging to poor families.

37.	More than workers migrated out of the village looking for work. A) 250 B) 300 C) 350 D) 400
Answer» More than 250 workers migrated out of the village looking for work.

38.	Ration shops are also called fair price shops. Can you guess why?
Answer» The provisions in ration shops are available at low prices when compared to open market. So they are called fair price shops.

40.	Which of the following should be given to escape from poverty and hunger ? A) Right to work B) Right to food C) Both A & B D) None
Answer» C) Both A & B

42.	Why are people without employment also often without assets, such as land, cattle, shops, etc.?
Answer» The people those who have no employment cannot save their earnings. Without savings they cannot purchase assets. So they do not have assets.