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Excellent works done by Vijayanagar kings in the fields of art and architecture is memorable. The unique of their architecture was the construction of huge auditorium and marriage halls. Temples had huge towers, leaf-shaped archies and platforms. Rough granite stone was used for construction of these structures.

Vijayanagar kings built many temples in Hampi, Shringeri, Tirupati, Lepakshi, Karkala, Moodabidri, Kanchi, Shrishail, Kalahasti. Vittal temple of Hampi is known for its magnificent architectural beauty. The Saptaswara musical pillars, huge Kalyana mantaps and the Stone Chariot enhanced the beauty of the temple. Kamal Mahal, Elephant stable, Queen’s bath are the wonderful examples of Indo-Muslim architectural style.

Laxminarashima, Kadalekalu Ganesha, Sasuvekalu Ganesha idols are magnificent architectural examples.

As a Prime Minister,Mohammad Gawan, he took the Bahamani Kingdom to great heights. He learnt Muslim religious verses and law at Kairo. He gained proficiency in Arab and Parsi languages. He was responsible for enhancing the glory of Bahamani kingdom by his efficient administration and victories. He conquered Konkana, Goa and Belagavi. He invaded Kanchi and plundered its huge wealth. Thus Mohammad Gawan, as a prime minister of Bahamani kingdom was responsible for all round development of the kingdom.

The another important achievement of Gawan was that he established a madrasa (College) at Bidar to encourage the study of Islamic religion and laws. The building of the college was magnificent construction in the Deccan style. In administration he brought many remorse also.

1. 1336 A.D.

2. Gangadevi.

3. Timmarasa

4. Krishnadevaraya.

5. Mohammad Gawan.

6. Ibrahim Adil Shah II.

The four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagar are : 

(i) Sangama, 

(ii) Saluva, 

(iii) Tuluva, 

(iv) Araveedu.

The achievements of Devaraya II were as under : 

• He defeated king Gajapati Kapilendra of Orissa. By suppressing the regional leader of the border and expanded the Kingdom upto Krishna river in the North-east. 
• He was tolerant towards other religions. He constructed mosques, Jain and Vaishnava temples. 
• He patronized many Sanskrit scholars in his court. 
• During his period Veerashaiva tradition and literature saw a revival.

The problems Krishnadevaraya had to face when he ascended the throne are:

• The kingdom of Vijayanagar was besieged by various complex internal and external problems. 
• The Europeans has established colonies. 
• The Moghuls of the north were trying to expand their kingdom in the Southern region. 
• The five Shahi Kingdoms of the Bahamani dynasty became powerful Sultanates and plunged into wars against Krishnadevaraya. 
• The kings of Ummatthur and Orissa were a constant source of threat.

The contributions of Vijayanagar are : 

• Vijayanagar was economically prosperous, because the kings brought many reforms in agricultural and industrial fields. 
• The kings constructed wells, tanks and canals to encourage irrigation and agriculture. 
• They brought five kinds of practices of land holdings like genl,guttige,siddhaya,vara and gadi. 
• The Vijayanagar empire achieve a great progress in the field of industry and commerce. 
• They brought coins of different denominations; the gold coins, gadyana, ‘pagoda, silver coins and copper coins in using for exchange.