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This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Define the following terms. (a) Solution (b) Solute (c ) Solvent (d) Potable water |
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Answer» (a) Solution is defined as a homogeneous mixture of two or more components. (b) The component which undergoes change in physical state during the formation of a solu- tion is called solute. (c) The component which does not undergo any change in physical state is called solvent. (d) The water which is fit and safe for human consumption is known as potable water. |
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| 2. |
Mention the identification test for water. |
| Answer» Water or water vapour turns white anhydrous cop- per sulphate to blue | |
| 3. |
Distinguish between surface water (fresh water) and underground water with respect to composition. |
| Answer» Surface water contains appreciable amounts of sus- pended impurities in addition to the dissolved gases and dissolved salts. Underground water contains only dissolved salts and gases, but does not contain appreciable amounts of suspended impurities. | |
| 4. |
Define water cycle. |
| Answer» The change of water from one form to another taking place repeatedly in nature can be repre- sented as a cyclic process and is known as water cycle. | |
| 5. |
Distinguish between a well and a spring. |
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Answer» Rain water sinks into the crust of the earth and seeps through the layers of porous rock. This seepage continues till a layer of non-porous rock is reached. At this level, the water runs along the surface of the rock and may again come out on the surface of the earth as a spring through some cracks or holes in the rock. This is called spring water. Once the water reaches the non-porous rock, it cannot sink further. Therefore, it gets collected in an underground water pool. If the earth is dug deep enough to reach the underground water table, water comes out. This is called well water. |
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| 6. |
How is hydel power generation carried out? |
| Answer» Water falling from a height is used to move the turbine and generate electricity. | |
| 7. |
Ozonization of water removes which of the following impurities?A. Fine particles of sandB. Large suspended particlesC. MicroorganismsD. All of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Ozonization removes only microorganisms from water as ozone has the ability to kill the germs. Hence, the correct option is (c ). |
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| 8. |
Which of the following water samples is used in car batteries?A. River waterB. Chlorinated waterC. Distilled waterD. Tap water |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Distilledwater is used in car batteries. Hence. The correct option is (c ) |
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| 9. |
The taste of spring water differs from place to place. Justify. |
| Answer» Spring water is nothing but the water emerged out from underground pool. Underground water is the water collected by· the percolation of rain water through the layers of porous rock and soil. As the water seeps through, it dissolves the mineral salts present in the soil and rocks. Therefore, the taste of spring water depends on the nature of soil and rocks at the particular place. | |
| 10. |
Which among the following process is not involved in water cycle?A. MeltingB. ?EvaporationC. SublimationD. Condensation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Sublimation is not involved in water cycle. Hence, the correct option is (c) |
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| 11. |
Identify the least effective method for the removal of germ from water.A. BoilingB. Exposure to air and sunlightC. ChlorinationD. Ozonization |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Exposure to air and sunlight is the least effective method for the removal of germs from water as sunlight cannot enter into the deeper layers of water. Hence, the correct option is (b). |
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| 12. |
Which of the following is considered to be a method of sterilization?A. BoilingB. Exposure to sunlightC. ChlorinationD. All of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Boiling, exposure to sunlight and chlorination are considered to be the methods of sterlization as they can kill bacteria and germs. Hence, the correct option (d). |
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| 13. |
Which of the following water samples ts totally devoid of suspended impurities?A. River waterB. Rain waterC. Spring waterD. Ocean water |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Spring water is totally devoid of suspended impurities. Hence, the correct option is (c ). |
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| 14. |
One gram of steam is condensed to water at `100^(@)`C. Which of the following complies with this process?A. 540 cal of heat is absorbedB. 80 cal of heat is absorbedC. 540 cal of heat is releasedD. 80 cal of heat is released |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C When 1 gram of steam is condensed to water at `100^(@)`C, 540 cal of heat is released. Hence, the correct option is (c ) |
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| 15. |
How can heating affect the formation of a solution? |
| Answer» Increase in temperature results in increase in solu- bility as well as the rate of dissolution of a sub- stance. As solubility of a solute generally increases with temperature, the solution becomes unsatu- rated on heating. The solute also dissolves at a faster rate on heating. | |
| 16. |
Which among the following is not a sterilization method of water ?A. BoilingB. Chemical treatmentC. Exposure to sunlightD. Sedimentation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Sedimentation is not a sterilization method. It is used to remove suspended solid matter. Hence, the correct option is (d) . |
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| 17. |
All the rivers ultimately drain into seas. However, river water is not saline while sea water is saline. Why? |
| Answer» Rivers while draining into tht: seas deposit the sus-pended matter at the mouth forming delta. They carry the dissolved salts into the seas. As a result, the water becomes concentrated with dissolved salts. This imparts salinity to sea water. | |
| 18. |
Identify the sample of water which does not possess any taste.A. Well waterB. Distilled waterC. Rain waterD. River water |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Distilled water does not posses any taste. Hence, the correct option is (b). |
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| 19. |
Explain how exposure of water to air and sun-light purify water? To what extent this method is effective? |
| Answer» Air contains oxygen. As oxygen helps in burn- ing, when water is exposed to air and sunlight, the germs are burnt to death. That is why water in town reservoirs is exposed to air and sunlight over a large surface area. | |
| 20. |
Which among the following is not an application of dissolved gases in water?A. Tastes of waterB. Photosynthesis of aquatic plantsC. Salinity of sea waterD. respiration of aquatic organisms |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Salinity of sea water is due to dissolved salts in water. Hence, the correct option is (c). |
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| 21. |
A river water sample is poured in four containers and subjected to four different processes as shown in the following diagram. Answer the following questions by analysing the given diagram (a) Which water is the most suitable for cinsumption? (b) What are the disadvantage of other water samples? (c ) What happens when fish are placed in the containers A, B, C and D? |
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Answer» (a) Water in container D is the safest one for consumption as ozone kills the disease- causing germs and bacteria. The water is devoid of both suspended impurities as well as microorganisms. (b) (i) Water in container A is devoid of sus- pended impurities, but contains the germs and bacteria. Consumption of this water may lead to a number of water borne diseases. (ii) Sample 13 - Filtration removes all sus- pended impurities. Boiling to some extent kills the germs and bacteria. But, this water is devoid of dissolved gases and has insipid taste. (iii) Sample C- The water sample is distilled water. This is devoid of dissolved gases. This is not fit for consumption. (c ) Fish die when they are kept in containers B or C because the water does not contain dissolved oxygen required for the respiration of fishes. |
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| 22. |
How do fertilizers cause water pollution? |
| Answer» Fertilizers usually contain nitrogen salts which are highely soluble in water. These salts are leached away by rain water and reach the water bodies. They make the water in water bodies acidic. In this way, fertilizers cause water pollution. | |
| 23. |
Identify the false statement among the following:A. At `100^(@)` c both water and steam existB. Density of water is maximum at `0^(@)` CC. Rain is pure natural waterD. At `100^(@)`C the temperature of water remains constant |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The density of water is maximum at `4^(@)C`. Above and below `4^(@)C` water possesses lower density. Hence, the correct option is (b). |
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| 24. |
The specific heat capacity of water is`" ___"` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 1cal/g/`""^(@)C` The specific heat capacity of water is 1cal/g/`""^(@ )C` |
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| 25. |
In very cold places, water vapour condenses to produce`"_____"` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - snow In very cold places, water vapour condenses to produce snow. |
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| 26. |
Calculate the amount of heat required to con-vert 10 g of ice at `0^(@)C` to 10 g of water at `100^(@)C` (Specific heat capacity of water =1 cal/g/`""^(@ )C`)A. 2000 calB. 1800 calC. 2200 calD. 1600 cal |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The energy required to convert 10 g ice at `0^(@)c` to 10 g of water at `0^(@)` C to water at `100^(@)C=10xx100xx1=1000` cal The energy required to convert 10 g water at `0^(@)` C to water at `100^(@)C=10xx100xx1= 1000` cal Total energy required = 800 + 1000 =1800 cal Hence, the correct option is (b). |
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| 27. |
The density of pure water at `4^(@)`C is `"_____"` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 1 g /cc The density of pure water at `4^(@)`C is 1 g /cc |
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| 28. |
The value of latent heat of fusion of ice is `"______"` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 80 cal/g The value of latent heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g |
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| 29. |
In cold countries hot water pipes are arranged inside the concrete floors and walls. Give reason |
| Answer» Water has high specific heat capacity. When hot water is circulated through the water pipes inside the concrete floors or walls, it radiates heat slowly to the building thereby keeping the inside building warm. | |
| 30. |
50 g of pure water is taken at `20^(@)`C. What is the amount of heat required to raise its temperature to `80^(@)`C? |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 3000 kcal 1 g of water requires 1 cal of heat to raise its tem- perature by `1^(@)`C. 50 g of water should require 50 cal of heat to raise its temperature by `1^(@)`C. The raise in temperature here is `60^(@)C (80^(@) - 20^(@))`. To raise the temperature by `60^(@)C`, 3000 cal of heat (3 kcal) is required. |
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| 31. |
Some ice cubes are kept in a beaker and a ther- mometer is placed in it. What could be the change in temperature observed in the thermometer? Justify? |
| Answer» The temperature in the thermometer remains unaltered until the entire ice melts. The heat absorbed from the surroundings is utilized for the conversion of solid state to liquid state by over- coming intermolecular forces of attraction. | |
| 32. |
Water in swimming pools remains cool even during hot summer. Give reason. |
| Answer» Water in swimming pools remains cool even dur-ing hot summer. This is because water has high ,specific heat capacity and requires large amount of heat for raising the temperature. | |
| 33. |
Explain the role of water in controlling the climate. |
| Answer» Water has high specific heat capacity. It gets heated up and cooled down slowly. In coastal regions, the land gets heated up rapidly. While water gets heated up slowly during the day. Similarly, they get cooled down also at different rates. This differen- tial heating followed by cooling of land and water sets up the convection currents, like sea breeze and land breeze. These sea breezes and land breezes help in moderation of temperature of the atmo- sphere in coastal regions. The cliffe.rence between day and night temperatures is less in coastal areas due to this reason. Even the difference between the wmter and summer temperature is less for che same reason. | |
| 34. |
Why mansoon is so important? |
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Answer» Monsoon is important becausee hold (i) Most of the rainfall occurs during the monsoon season. (ii) Rains bring relief especially after hot summer days. (iii) Sowing of many crops depends on the arrival of monsoon. |
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| 35. |
The process of condensation plays an important role in bringing water back to the surface of earth. How does it happen? |
| Answer» When the air moves up, it gets cooler and cooler. At sufficient heights, the air becomes so cool that the water vapour present in it condenses to form tiny drops of water called droplets. It so happens, that many droplets of water come together to form larger sized drops of water. Some drops of water become so heavy that they begin to fall. These falling water-drops are called rain. | |
| 36. |
The solubility of a certain substance does not change with temperature. How can you make an unsaturated solution of such substance saturated? |
| Answer» As unsaturated solution contains lesser amount of solute than its maximum capacity on subjecting the solution to evaporation, some amount of water vaporizes. Since lesser amount of water is present in the solution and the amount of solute is same, the solution at some stage may become saturated as the solubility of the substance remains same even on heating. | |
| 37. |
Distilled water is not fit for consumption. Give reason. |
| Answer» Distilled water does not contain the mineral salt, required for our body. It does not possess adequate amounts of dissolved gases. Hence, it has insipid or bland taste. | |
| 38. |
The water fit for human consumption is called `"_____"` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - potable water The water fit for human consumption is called potable water. |
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| 39. |
Identify the water which can neither be used for irrigation nor for drinkingA. River waterB. Sea waterC. Rain waterD. Well water |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Sea water can neither be used for drinking nor for irrigation. Hence, the correct option is (b). |
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| 40. |
Why rain clouds look grey in colour? |
| Answer» As more and more water droplets gathers, clouds gets thicker, denser and less transparent. Thus, rain clouds look gray in color. | |
| 41. |
Sea water is not fit for drinking. Why? |
| Answer» Sea water is not fit for drinking because it has many salts dissolved in it which is not good human body. | |
| 42. |
First shower of rain water is not for drinking. Why? |
| Answer» First shower of rain water is not pure because while coming down through the air, the first showers collect dust particles, germs, bacteria and dissolve of the gases which are present in the atmosphere. | |
| 43. |
`"_____"` is the largest source of natural water. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Sea or ocean Sea or ocean is the largest source of natural water. |
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| 44. |
Water suitable for accurate laboratory work can be obtained by`" ___"` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - distillation Water suitable for accurate laboratory work can be obtained by distillation. |
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| 45. |
`"___"` water is rich in minerals which have medicinal value. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Spring water Spring water is rich in minerals which have medicinal value. |
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| 46. |
`" ___"` impart freshness and sparkling appearance to water. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Dissolved gases Dissolved gases impart freshness and sparkling appearance to water |
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