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The National Drinking Water Mission was set up in 1986.

The Planet known as the Blue Planet is Earth.

(b) Hilly areas

Causes of Scarcity of Water are: 

1. Increase in Population: 

Speedy increase in population means more use of water for various activities at domestic, agricultural and industrial levels. 

2. Unequal Distribution: 

Rain water is not equally distributed over the land. Some parts get heavy rains whereas others remain dry and become the Victims of drought and famine. 

3. Dams and Anicuts: 

For the use of water for industrial and agricultural purpose, Dams and Anicuts are made to collect water but due to lack of proper maintenance, the silt deposits reduce the water holding capacity of the dams and at some places a great havoc is caused due to breach in the dams.

 4. Excess use of Water: 

Water is not judiciously used for many day to day activities as brushing, flushing toilets, cleanliness, fountain and tub bath etc. A lot of water goes waste due to improper use of water. 

5. Water Pollution: 

Industrial wastes and domestic pollutants are thrown into the water resources and they make the water unfit for drinking and other purposes. With the cessation of use of water of such polluted resources, the water scarcity is caused. 

6. Wastage of Rain Water: 

The rain water remain unused and is not collected for use through different means. It flows into the sea. All these above factors besides the environmental factor as Global Warming are responsible for causing water scarcity.

Student's Contributions in the Conservation of Water: 

Students form a big chunk of the society and they are well aware of their surroundings. If a student himself knows about the necessity of water for life on earth he can make aware his family members, neighbours, village or town residents, of the need for tree- plantation, keeping clean the surrounding, of the water resources and prevent of misuse or excessive use of water, water pollution etc.

He can be of a great help to the community by sharing with the people his knowledge gained at the school and through communication means, in a simple and convincing way. He can, easily set his own example before the people and lead the others in making the water conservation campaign a success. It is the students whose constructive and positive contributions can go a long way in saving the water through their access to the neighbours, friends, children, seniors and various communities.

Water is domestically misused for various activities as: 

1. Liberal flushing of toilets. 

2. Brushing teeth with full speed tap running. 

3. Cleaning floors by opening the tap. 

4. Use of bath tubs and showers for bathing. 

5. Washing utensils and clothes directly by keeping the tap running. 

6. Liberal use of water in washing vegetables and other accessories.

Suggestions to check misuse of water at domestic level: 

1. Use a mug of water rather than running tap while brushing teeth. 

2. Use of mugs and buckets for bathing instead of bath tubs and shower. 

3. Use of small bucket of water for toilets rather than opening flush every time. 

4. Wash or wipe the vehicle by holding water in the bucket instead of using pipe. 

5. Recycle kitchen and bathroom water and use it for garden. 

6. Plant the saplings in the garden, which need less water. 

7. Avoid the culture of having lawns because grass needs more water for maintenance. 

8. Mop the floor instead of washing it. 

9. Use a mug of water to shave. 

10.Do not use a fresh tumbler every time to drink water. 

11.Do not wash hands under running water. 

12.Wash vegetables, fruits etc. in a water filled bucket rather than under the running tap. 

13.Repair the leakage if any; without delay. 

14.Collect the rooftop rain water in a tank or let it percolate underground through pipes.

Accumulation of Rain Water: 

Rain water can be collected for use by various ways as

1. Collecting rain water in a tank so as to use it directly. 

2. Let the roof top rain water percolate into the ground through pipes, hand pumps, wells etc. 

3. Constructing trenches to hold rain water and to let it seep into the underground water reserviors. 

4. Constructing the mounds to hold the rain water in the farms and then to use it to recharge underground water resources (Rain water harvesting) 

5. Holding the Water in the streams by making Nala plugs and any other barricade. 

6. Bawadis, dams, are also the best means to hold rain water.

According to the Indian standards each Individual requires 85 It. water per day.

Industrial units use about 15-20% pure water and they throw out impure water which if used judiciously, can help in water conservation. By treating this impure water it can be used for cooling plant and machinery, for the maintenance of lawns, cleanliness and production of power and energy. Rain water harvesting system should be made compulsory for the industrial units. Such industrial technologies should be adopted, which may consume less of water.

The best way of raising the level of underground water resources is the Rain Water Harvesting system.

(d) 22nd March

0.007%  is the percentage of potable water of the total water on earth.

India has maximum number of tube wells.

(a) Agriculture