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Maharana Kumbha’s widow daughter, Ramabai was given a plot of land for her livelihood.

Mahila Kissan Empowerment Yojana has been started for the Women farmers

The Mahila Directorate Rajasthan was established in June 18, 2007.

Position of women in Rajasthan in the medieval period: 

Medieval period was the male dominated period; hence role of the males was predominant in society, but there were many practices for the safety and dignity of women, as : 

1. Women’s participation in the religious and the routine activities was at par with men. 

Examples are of Maharana Kumbha and Rajsingh period. 

2. The feudal women played a decisive role in the administrative matters. Hansabai, Maharana Lakha’s wife got enthroned her son, Mokal in place of Chunda. Similar role was played by Karmeity, Maharana Sanga’s wife. 

3. Daughter and sisters were given Zagirs. Examples are available in Maharaja Raj singh account books. 

4. The feudal women enjoyed the autonomous status in Harem after marriage. They were given separate zagirs for their personal expenses. 

5. Widows were supposed to follow the traditions of the patriarchal society. Yet they were never unsafe and unprotected. There were conventional means for their livelihood. The Widow Ramabai, Maharana Kumbha’s daughter was given Jaawar-Ka-Pargana’ (a plot of land for her livelihood.

The Rajasthan Rajya Mahila Commission Comprises of : 

1. Chairman: 

It has a chairman nominated by the State Government for three years. 

2. Members: It has three members as : 

1. One from the scheduled caste.

2. One from the scheduled tribe. 

3. One Woman from other backward classes.

3. Secretary: 

He/She is a deputed by the state government.

Group Marriages Grant Regulations, 1996 have been framed to check unnecessary expenditure in marriages.

Five Points of Five Formulae Mahila Empowerment Programme: 

1. 100% stay of girls till class 10. 

2. Complete end to Child-marriages of females.

3. Access of facility of institutional delivery to every woman. 

4. Achieving the gross birth rate of 21 per thousand. 

5. Generation of self-employment opportunities for women so as to provide employment to at least one thousand women in each district.

The new programme launched to give a boost to the Women literacy is known as “Literate India”.

Collector is the Chairman of the District Mahila Help Samiti.

Government is running creches for the daily care of the rural working women and for improving the health and nutrition standard of the children. About 263, creches are being operated presently, in 18 districts. Through these creches the facilities of daily care, medicines and nursing are being provided to the Rural Working women aging 6 months to five years.

Mass Marriages Grant Rules:

In order to exercise control over the increasing ^tendency of unnecessary expenditure in marriage, the Mass Marriages Grant Rules were formulated in 1996 and they have been amended from time to time. Under this plan minimum of 10 pairs and maximum of 166 pairs , and at a time, can be given grant. 25% of the grant amount of per pair is given to the organizer and the remaining 75% per bride is put in the fixed deposit for three years.

District Women Aid Samiti: 

The District level woman samiti under the Chairmanship of collector has been formed to provide immediate relief to give necessary assistance and directions to the oppressed and the destitute women, and also to take immediate action after reviewing the cases of their exploitation. This samiti comprises of the police superintendent, Chief Judicial magistrate/ family court judge, Joint director of social justice department, two legal advisers (nominated at state level representatives of reputed voluntary institutions and district deputy director, Mahila and Child development department member secretary.

This is a permanent samiti and it meets once in three months or as and when desired by the Chairman. This samiti provides to the oppressed and the destitute women temporary shelter, legal advice and assistance and necessary advice in relation to specific problems after reviewing the cases of exploitation.

It was in 1984 that the programme for the integrated development of women was started.

The Mahila Development Programme in Rajasthan: 

1. Beginning of the Programme: 

Rajasthan is the first such state in the country which had started the Mahila Vikas programme for the development of women in the seven districts i.e. Jaipur, Ajmer, Jodhpur, Bhilwara, Udaipur, Banswara and Kota. It was developed step by step in other districts and now it is operating in all the districts of Rajasthan. 

2. Main object of the programme: 

To coordinate the policies and schemes of different departments and to reach their benefits to the women, as well as to create an environment in favour of women’s rights and against prevailing social evils in the society at the rural level. 

3. Other Objectives of the Mahila Development Programme:

1. To create an atmosphere to make opportunities available to the women for their development and their rightful existence by means of constructive economic and social policy. 

2. To alert women of their political,economic,social,cultural and civic rights.

3. To make available to women equal opportunities in education, higher education and technical education, health care and planning. 

4. To prepare an atmosphere for the gender equality. 

5. To attempt at providing special security and protection of girl children and adolescent girls, and to arrange for them the quality education, health services and protection against all types of violence-family and social, exploitation and other unfavourable circumstances.

Objectives of the Policy:

During the last few years the state governments of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have announced their policy for women. The Department of women and Child Development, Government of India also initiated discussion in 1996-1997 on the national policy for women. These efforts kindled a debate on the usefulness of such a document in women’s struggle for equality and social justice.

The State Government recognised that every step towards promoting gender justice contributes, in some way to women struggle for equality. It is with this conviction that the government decided to announce a policy for women.

Major objectives of this policy are:

1. To bring improvement in the status and position of women. 

2. To make the process modalities and system dynamic in order to eliminate exploitation and exploitative practices. 

3. To create a supportive environment for the overall development of girls and women.

Steps outlined to achieve the above objectives are to: 

1. Initiate policies and programmes that promote gender equality and social justice including gender justice, and enable women to realise their constitutional rights. 

2. Recognise the productive role of women in household economy and the state government will strive towards ensuring equal access to and control over resources and the fruits of development. 

3. Recognise the special needs of girl, children, adolescent girls and Women in extreme poverty and difficult circumstances and target development interventions for such vulnerable sections of society. 

4. Recognise the vicious circle of poor nutrition, poor health, early child bearing and high mortality among women, promote a life cycle approach to women health that recognises the needs at every stage from childhood to old age and assist women gain greater control over their reproductive health and prevent unwanted pregnancies. 

5. Ensure that all girl children have access to at least primary education, illiterate, non-literate, adolescent and women have access to basic and continuing education and in general women have equal access at all levels of education. 

6. Create conducive environment and appropriate mechanism for gender sensitisation of government functionaries at all levels and in all departments, and initiate systems for sensitisation of political leaders, opinion makers and the media. 

7. Promote and support effective participation of women in political processes and gain their access to decision making government and non-government institutions and organisations.

Though this policy has been designed by the state government with the cooperation of and discussion with all concerned yet the government acknowledges that its implementation with success is neither possible, nor desirable, only by the government or its agencies. Therefore non-government and voluntaries organisations, academic institutions, social and community organisations, and ‘peoples’ representatives and other leading groups need to be associated for the implementation of the policy.

It should be accepted that for the empowerment of women, a multi-prolonged and united programme is needed in place of separate working plans of certain departments and organisations. For example it will be difficult to improve the health status of women in the absence of social services, meaningful education programmes etc. Social support services like childcare, clean drinking water, sanitation facilities, income generation opportunities and mechanism to deal within home and in the society have to be tackled simultaneously. Slowing down population growth will be impossible till both men and women feel secure about the survival of their children and the availability of facilities for livelihood. Transferring the burden of fertility transition to women and making them target for population control will not yield results.

Some of the important points relating to women development have been identified, the main departments have been listed and the concerned government departments have been entrusted with their responsibility. This has been done to facilitate the work of preparing an integrated plan for women development. 

These three points are: 

1. Economic Empowerment. 

2. Social Support Services. 

3. Health Nutrition and Public Health (Water, sanitations etc.) 

It is with the combined efforts of the central and the state governments that the integrated development of women can be possible.

Gender Responsive Budgeting: 

It is a new concept related to women development and empowerment programmes. Its main objective is to make gender based budget allocations rather than the class based allocations in the budget. To give a practical shape to this concept different departments have been instructed for the review of their programmes and redetermining of their priorities. Accordingly the State government has been aiming at the gender responsive budgeting. Its first step (2005-2006) covers health, Education, Agriculture, Mahila and Shishu – development, Printing and registration, social and justice departments. Budget of these six departments has been evaluated.

In 2006-07 eight more departments have been audited, namely-Rural development, self-administration, tribal area, Industries, Cooperative, forest, cattle rearing and the gardening. Thus 14 departments in all have been surveyed on the basis of gender budgeting. The state government has been on a way to institutionalise the gender responsive budgeting so that the gender based budget allocations of all the departments may be evaluated from time to time and necessary instructions and directives may be issued to the concerned departments.

Main objectives of the Mahila policy of the Rajasthan state are: 

1. To improve the status and condition of girls and women in the society. 

2. To accelerate the processes, methodologies and machinery for bringing an end to exploitation of women and social vices. 

3. To prepare suitable environment for the integrated development of women and girls in the state

Three aspect (tenets) of the Three Dimensional Approach are: 

1. Re-affirming Rights Perspective.

2. Access to women in difficult circumstances and special focus groups.

3. Priority areas for suitable legislation, programme development and Observation and Action.

Role of Education: 

Women in our country are, standing shoulder to shoulder with men in all various fields—Social, political, economic, administrative, Cultural and literary. They are playing their constructive role to shape the society. It is the education which has been a dominating factor in moulding the overall status of women in the society. In the year 1961, the male literacy percentage was 40 whereas the female literacy percentage was 15. By the year 1971 the female literacy percentage rose to 22% and by 2001 it touched 54.16%.

This big change has been made possible due to various steps taken by the state government to make easy access of the girls, especially, the deprived girls of the society to the schools. Some of the steps taken in this regard are distribution of free books, free uniforms, scholarships, mid-day food, Scholarships and Ladali yojana. The most recent step taken in this direction by the government of India is the Right to Education Act. According to this act, children (girls and boys) between 6 to 14 years have been given the right to free and compulsory education.

The Central Human Resources Development Ministry has taken the decision to give full attention to the Women education under the National Literacy Mission and about 80% women are estimated to be literate by 2017 under this Yojana. As a result of rise in the female literacy percentage, the number of women employees in the government and non-government as well as autonomous institutions is increasing.

The spread of women literacy has narrowed the gap between the male and the female employees. In the year 1995, the ratio of women employees in the government services was 7.43% as compared to the male employees, which rose to 7.53% in 2001 and 9.68% in 2004. Though it has not been a very satisfactory achievement but the growing gap between the women and men literacy rate has been narrowed. In Delhi ratio of women has been found to be more than that of men.

(b) Matrey Bhoomi

Education has worked as factor to improve the condition of women of Rajasthan.

5.46 is the percentage of Women in Rajasthan, of the total women percentage of India.

Women literacy percentage in India as per 1961 population Census was 15.

The Women literacy rate percentage in Rajasthan as per the 2001 census was 54.

(c) 5 crore 65 lakh

67 participation percentage of the Rajasthan Women in the 2009-2010 MNREGA.

(c) October 26, 2006

(d) Mukhyamantari Balika Sambal Yojana

(a) Janani Suraksha Yojna

Women Empowerment Commission has been formed to give practical shape to the Women Empowerment Concept.

(b) 18 districts