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7.Chloroplasts

Answer» <p>Chloroplastsareorganelles, specialized compartments, inplantandalgalcells. The main role of chloroplasts is to conductphotosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigmentchlorophyllcaptures theenergyfromsunlightand converts it and stores it in the energy-storage moleculesATPandNADPHwhile freeingoxygenfrom water. They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules fromcarbon dioxidein a process known as theCalvin cycle. Chloroplasts carry out a number of other functions, includingfatty acid synthesis, muchamino acidsynthesis, and theimmune responsein plants. The number of chloroplasts per cell varies from one, in unicellular algae, up to 100 in plants likeArabidopsisandwheat.</p>


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