A 1.25 m layer of soil (n = 0.35, G = 2.65) is subjected to an upward seepage head of 1.85 m. What depth of coarse sand would be required above the existing soil to provide a factor of safety of 2 against piping? Assume that coarse sand has the same porosity and specific gravity as the soil and that there is negligible head loss in sand Take γw=9.81 kN/m3. 2.2

A 1.25 m layer of soil (n = 0.35, G = 2.65) is subjected to an upward

1.	A 1.25 m layer of soil (n = 0.35, G = 2.65) is subjected to an upward seepage head of 1.85 m. What depth of coarse sand would be required above the existing soil to provide a factor of safety of 2 against piping? Assume that coarse sand has the same porosity and specific gravity as the soil and that there is negligible head loss in sand Take γw=9.81 kN/m3. 2.2
Answer» A 1.25 m layer of soil (n = 0.35, G = 2.65) is subjected to an upward seepage head of 1.85 m. What depth of coarse sand would be required above the existing soil to provide a factor of safety of 2 against piping? Assume that coarse sand has the same porosity and specific gravity as the soil and that there is negligible head loss in sand Take $γ_{w} = 9.81 k N / m^{3}$ . 2.2

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