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A given number of atoms, N_(0) of a radioactive element with a half life T is uniformly distributed in the blood stream of a (i) Normal person A having total volume V of blood in the body. (ii) Person B in need of blood transfusion having a volume V' of blood in the body. The number of radioactive atoms per unitvolumein the blood streams of the two persons after a time nT are found to be N_1 and N_2. Prove mathematically that the additional volume of blood that needs to be transfused in the body of person B equals ((N_2 - N_1) /(N_2) ) V. |
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Answer» Solution :Initial number of radioactive atoms, per unit volume, in the blood streams of persons A and B are `(N_(0) //V) and (N_(0) //V.)` respectively. After a time `NT (T = "Half life")`, these numbers would GET REDUCED by a factor `2^n`. HENCE` N_(1) = ((N_0) /( V) ) . (1)/ (2^n) ` and `N_2 = ((N_0) /( V.) ) . (1)/(2^n)` `(N_1) /( N_2) = (V.)/( V)` or `V.=V. (N_1) /( N_2)` `therefore` Additional volume of blood needed by PERSON B is `V-V. = V - V (N_1)/( N_2)` `= ((N_2 - N_1) /( N_2) )` V |
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