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Above compounds can be differentiated by which of the following chemical test? (used in decreasing order) |
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Answer» `NaOH, NaHCO_(3), HCl`  The mixture is composed of a neutral compound m-nitrobenzene, two acids (m-nitrobenzoic acid and m-nitrophenol), and a base (m-nitroaniline). M-nitrobenzoic acid is strong enough as an acid to DECOMPOSE sodium carbonate, m-nitrophenol is not, but does form a salt with sodium hydroxide. Hence, one way in which a separation may be EFFECTED is as follows. Dissolve the mixture in ether (all components are soluble). (i) Extract the ETHEREAL solution with aqueous sodium carbonate. Only m-nitrobenzoic acid enters the aqueous layer, and may be recovered on acidification. (II) Extract the ethereal solution from (i) with aqueous sodium hydroxide. Only m-nitrophenol enters the aqueous layer, and may be recovered on acidification. (III) Extract the ethereal solution form (ii) with hydrochloric acid. Only m-nitroaniline enters the aqueous layer, and may be recovered on basifying the solution. (iv) Evaporate off the ether from the ethereal solution from (iii). This leaves m-nitrobenzene. 
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