1.

All the element from nitrogen family have two paired s-electron and three unpaired p-electron in their valence shell thus exhibit three covalence, by sharing of three electron pair to attain stable noble gas configuration except nitrogen all have got vacant d-orbital. All the element of this group exhibit +3 oxidation state in hydride. The tendency to show-3 ionic nature is not possible due to high energy consideration. However, nitrogen being smallest and most electronegative and thus forms N^(3) ion in nitrides such as Mg_(3)N_(2). Ca_(3)N_(2) etc. Rest of all shows -3 oxidation state in covalent compounds. The +3 oxidation state are covalent and ionic both. The +5 oxidation states are covalent as they can not from M^(+5) ions due to high energy involve there in. The tendency to show M^(+3) ionic state however increase down the group due to inert pair effect. Pick out the incorrect statement:

Answer»

Red phosphorus cansist of complex CHAIN structure is BLACK phosphorus has layer structure.
Nitrogen shows LITTLE tendency for catenation becauser H-N bond is very strong.
The maximum number of covalent bond formed by nitrogen is four, it has no d-orbitals in its valence shell.
The group 15 element do not form `M^(+5)` ion but +5 oxidation state is realized only TROUGH covalent bonding.

Answer :B


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