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Consider a magnetic dipole which on switching ON external magnetic field orient only in two possible was i.e., one along the direction of the magnetic field (parallel to the field ) and another anti-parallel to magnetic field. Compute the energy for the possible orientation . Sketch the graph. |
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Answer» Solution :Let `vec(p_(m)) ` be the DIPOLE and before switching ON the external magnetic field. There is no orientation. Therefore, the energy U = 0 As soon as external magnetic field is switched ON, the magnetic dipole orient parallel `(THETA = 0)^(@)` to the magnetic field with energy . `U_("parallel") = U_("minimum") = - p_(m) B cos 0 ` `U_("parallel") = - p_(m) B "since cos " 0^(@)` = 1 OTHERWISE, the magnetic dipole orients anti-parallel `(theta = 180^(@))` to the magnetic field with energy. `U_("anti-parallel") = U_("minimum") = - p_(m) B cos ` 180 ` rArr U_("anti-parallel") =- p_(m) B "since cos " 180^(@)` = -1 
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