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Coulomb's law for electrostatic force between two point charges and Newton's law for gravitational force between two stationary point masses, both have inverse-square dependence on the distance between the charges/masses. Compare the strength of these forces by determining the ratio of their magnitudes (i) for an electron and a proton and (ii) for two protons |
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Answer» <P> Solution :(a) (i) The electricforce betweenan electron and a protonat a distancer APART iswhere the negativesign indicates that the force isattarctive the correspondinggravitationforce `F_(G)=-G(m_(p)m_(e))/(r_(3))` however it may be mentionedhere that the sign of the two forcesare differentof these forces between two protonsinside a nucleus are `f_(e )-230 N`the ratio of the two forces showsthat electricalforces are enormously stonger than thethe gravitationalforces using newton secondlaw of motionf=ma the acceleration that an electron will undergo is comparing this with the value of acceleration due to gravitywecan conclude that the effect of gravitationall field is negligible on the MOTION of electronunder the actionof coulomb force due ot a proton the valuefroacceleartionof the proton is `2.3xx10^(8)N//1.67 xx10^(27) kg =1.4 xx10^(19) m//s^(2)` |
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