Define the following : (i) Meiosis, (ii) Amitosis, (iii) G2 phase.

1.	Define the following : (i) Meiosis, (ii) Amitosis, (iii) G2 phase.
Answer» (i) Meiosis: Meiosis is a double division that takes place in a diploid cell (2N) and involves reduction of chromosome number to half and forms four haploid cells. It reduces number of chromosomes to half. So it is popularly termed as the reduction division. (ii) Amitosis : It is a simple method of cell division, also called direct cell division. In this, there is no differentiation of chromosomes and spindle. Nuclear envelope does not degenerate. Nucleus elongates and constricts in middle to form two daughter nuclei. It is followed by a centripetal constriction of cytoplasm to form 2 daughter cells. (iii) G₂ phase (second growth phase) : It is also called pre-mitotic gap phase. It has double DNA content as compared to original cell (4C:2C). It produces macro-molecules (RNAs, proteins) for multiplication of organelles, spindle formation and cell growth. G phase prepares a cell to undergo division.

Answer»

(i) Meiosis: Meiosis is a double division that takes place in a diploid cell (2N) and involves reduction of chromosome number to half and forms four haploid cells. It reduces number of chromosomes to half. So it is popularly termed as the reduction division.

(ii) Amitosis : It is a simple method of cell division, also called direct cell division. In this, there is no differentiation of chromosomes and spindle. Nuclear envelope does not degenerate. Nucleus elongates and constricts in middle to form two daughter nuclei. It is followed by a centripetal constriction of cytoplasm to form 2 daughter cells.

(iii) G₂ phase (second growth phase) : It is also called pre-mitotic gap phase. It has double DNA content as compared to original cell (4C:2C). It produces macro-molecules (RNAs, proteins) for multiplication of organelles, spindle formation and cell growth. G phase prepares a cell to undergo division.

Define the following : (i) Meiosis, (ii) Amitosis, (iii) G2 phase.

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