1.

Derive the relation between EMF and free energy.

Answer»

SOLUTION :(i) Thermodynamic principles can be employed to derive a RELATION between electrical energy and the maximum amount of work `(W_(max))`.
(ii) The maximum amount of work OBTAINABLE from the cell is the product of charge flowing per mole and maximum potential difference E, through which the charge is transferred.
`W_(max)=-nFE "...(1)"`
where, n = number of moles of electrons transferred
F `""=`Faraday (96495 coulombs)
E `""=` EMF of the cell
According to THERMODYNAMICS,
`W_(max)=DeltaG "...(2)"`
From (1) and (2)
`DeltaG=-nFE`
when E is positive, `DeltaG` is positive `DeltaG` will be negative and the cell reaction is spontaneous.


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