1.

Discuss trends in ionization enthalpies of lanthanoids

Answer»

Solution :The first ionization enthalpies of the lanthanoids are around `600 kJ mol^(-1)` and SECOND is about 1200 kJ `mol^(-1)` comparable to those of calcium
The third ionization enthalpies of elements LANTHANUM, gadolinium and lutetium are found to be EXCEPTIONALLY low because of stability of `f^(0), f^(7) and f^(14)` shells respectively in these elements


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