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Discuss trends in oxidation states shown by actinoids |
Answer» Solution :As compared to lanthanoids, there is greater range of oxidation states of actinoids because of the fact that 5f, 6d and 7s LEVELS are of comparable energies. Also in actinoids, the 5f orbitals expand beyond 6S and 6p and participate in chemical bonding while in lanthanoids, 4f orbitals are shielded totally by outer electrons. HENCE, actinoids show greater range of oxidation states  In GENERAL, actinoids show (+3) oxidation state. The elements in the first half of the series frequently show higheroxidation states. For example, the maximum oxidation state increases from (+4) in Th to (+5), (+6) and (+7) respectively in Pa, U and Np but decrease in succeeding elements. The actinoids resembles the lanthanoids is having more compounds in (+3) state than in the (+4) state. However (+3) and (+4) ions tend to hydrolyse. |
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