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Discussthepropertiesofphosphorus trichloride and phosphorus pentachloride. |
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Answer» Solution :Properties of `PCl_3` : It is colourless oily liquid and hydrolyse in presence of moisture: `PCl_(3) + 3H_(2)O to H_(3)PO_(3) + 3HCl` It reacts with organic compounds CONTAINING -OH group such as `CH_(3)COOH_(3)C_(2)H_(5) -OH` etc. `3CH_(3)COOH + PCl_(3) to 3CH_(3)COCl + H_(3)PO_(3)` `3C_(2)H_(5)OH + PCl_(3) to 3C_(2)H_(5)Cl + H_(3)PO_(3)` Properties of `PCl_5 : PCl_5` is a yellowish powder and in MOIST AIR, it hydrolyse to give `POCl_3` and finally gets converted to phosphoric acid `PCl_(5) + H_(2)O to POCl_(3) + 2HCl` `POCl_(3) + 3H_(2)O to H_(3)PO_(4) + 3HCl` When heated, it sublimes but decomposes on strong heating `PCl_(5) overset(Delta) to PCl_(3) + Cl_(2)` It reacts with organic compounds containing -OH group CONVERTING them to chloro derivatives. `C_(2)H_(5)OH + PCl_(5) to C_(2)H_(5)Cl + POCl_(3) + HCl` `CH_(3)COOH + PCl_(5) to CH_(3)COCl + POCl_(3) + HCl` Finely divided metals on heating with `PCl_5` gives corresponding chlorides: `2Ag + PCl_(5) to 2AgCl + PCl_(3)` `Sn + 2PCl_(5) to SnCl_(4) + 2PCl_(3)` |
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