1.

Eplain why the stability of oxaacids of chlorine increasesin theorder given below ? HClO lt HClO_(2) lt HClO_(3) lt HClO_(4)

Answer»


Solution :(i) All these acids on losing a PROTON give their correspondingconjugate BASES (ie) `ClO^(-), ClO_(2)^(-), ClO_(3)^(-)` and `ClO_(4)^(-)`. Their structures are:

(ii) Since, oxygen is more electronegative than chlorine, therefore dispersalof negative CHARGE present on oxygen atom (singly bonded to Cl) increases as the number of oxygen atoms attached by a double bond to chlorine increases due to `P pi - d pi` back bonding.
(iii) Therefore stability of IONS will increasein the following order:
`ClO- LT ClO_(2)- lt ClO_(3)= lt ClO_(4)-`
(iv) Due to increase instability of conjugate base, acidic strength of correspondingacid increases in thesame order as :
`HClO- lt HClO_(2) lt HClO_(3) lt HClO_(4)`


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