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Explain how monosaccharides are classified : |
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Answer» Solution :Monosaccharides are classified as : (1) Aldoses: Aldoses contain aldehydic `(-OVERSET(H)overset(|)C=O)` group in their structure . Example : Glucose . Aldoses are further classified depending upon the number of CARBON atoms PRESENT in the monosaccharide . The number of carbon atoms presents in the molecule in indicated by the prefix tri for 3-carbon, tetrafor 4-carbon , etc. The ALDOSE accordingly is called Aldotriose, Aldotetrose, Aldopentose, Aldohexose, etc. Examples: Glyceraldehyde`""C_(3)H_(6)O_(3)""` Aldotriose Erythose `""C_(4)H_(8)O_(4)""` Aldotetrose Ribose, Arabinose , Xylose `""C_(5)H_(10)O_(5)""` Aldopentose Glucose , Mannose `""C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) ""` Aldohexose (2) Ketoses : Ketoses contain ketonic ,  group in their structures. Example: Fructose. Ketoses are further classified depending upon the number of carbon atoms present in the monosaccharide. The number of carbon atoms present in the molecules is indicated by the prefix, tri for 3-carbons , tetra for 4-carbons, etc. The ketoses accordingly are called ketotriose, Ketotetrose, Ketopentose, KETOHEXOSE, etc. Examples :Dihydroxy acetone `""C_(3)H_(6)O_(6)""`Ketotriose Erythrulose `""C_(4)H_(8)O_(4)""`Ketotetrose Ribulose `""C_(5)H_(10)O_(5)""` Ketopentose Fructose `""C_(6)H_(12)O_(6)""` Ketohexose |
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