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explain in detail the structure of human skeleton system

Answer» Human skeletal has two major divisions:\tAxial skeleton\tAppendicular skeletonThe axial skeleton is made up of 80 bones and it constitutes the middle axis. It includes the following regions:\tSkull\tHyoid\tAuditory ossicles\tVertebral column\tRibs\tSternumSkullThe human skull consists of cranium and facial bones. The function of the cranium is to protect the brain. It is formed of 8 plate-shaped bones joined together at meeting points called sutures. Along with cranium, the remaining 14 bones form the facial bones. Mandible is the only movable bone in the human skull.HyoidIt is a U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck. It is an intermediary between the skull and post cranial skeleton. The hyoid bone aids tongue movement and swallowing. It has no articulation with other bones.Auditory OssiclesAuditory ossicles namely malleus, incus, stapes are three bones in the middle ear that are the smallest bones in the human body. The functions of ossicles are to transmit sound from the air to the cochlea.RibsRibs are the long curved bones which constitute the rib cage. The ribs consist of 24 bones in 12 pairs which form the protective cage of the thorax. The ribs protect the thoracic internal organs. They articulate posteriorly with the vertebral column and terminates anteriorly as cartilage.SternumSternum or the breastbone is a long bone placed at the central part of the chest. The sternum and ribs make up the rib cage. The sternum is attached to the first seven ribs and also to the Clavicle or collarbone.Vertebral ColumnThe vertebral column is a set of approximately 33 bones called vertebrae which are separated by intervertebral discs. The vertebral column is divided into 5 categories. They are Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx.Functions of the Vertebral column\tThe vertebral column protects the spinal cord.\tProvides stiffening to the body.\tProvides structural support by balancing the bodyweight\tProvides attachment to pectoral and pelvic girdles and other muscles.Cervical VertebraeThe cervical is the most delicate and the thinnest bones of the vertebral column. The cervical vertebrae are formed of 7 vertebrae. The seven cervical vertebrae are arranged along the length of the neck. They are named according to its position from the skull to the chest. The superior C1 or first cervical vertebrae to C7 or the seventh cervical vertebrae constitute the cervical vertebrae. The C1 vertebrae are named as Atlas whose function is to hold up the skull. Also, C2 is named as Axis since it serves as the axis for the skull and atlas to rotate while turning head from one side to another.Thoracic VertebraeIt is placed at the mid-back of the human body. The main function is to hold the rib cage and to protect the heart and lungs. The twelve thoracic vertebrae are named T1 to T12. Thoracic vertebrae are the unique one other than the remaining vertebrae as it supports the ribs.Lumbar VertebraeThese are the largest in the vertebral column and comprises of 5 vertebrae bones between the rib cage and pelvis. The lumbar vertebrae are named from L1 to L5. L1 is closest to the thoracic vertebrae whereas L5 is adjacent to the pelvis. The lumbar vertebrae functions as the load-bearing structure.Sacral VertebraeThe sacral vertebrae consist of 5 vertebrae bones which fuse together to form Sacrum. The sacrum is a long wedge-shaped vertebra at the inferior end of the spine. It is a very strong bone which supports the weight of the upper body as it spread across the pelvis into the legs.Coccyx VertebraeThe coccyx vertebrae are formed by the fusion of three to five rudimentary bones to form a small triangular bone at the bottom of the vertebral column. The coccyx vertebrae are also referred to as the tail bone. The coccyx serves as an attachment site for ligaments, tendons\xa0


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