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Explain paramagnetism and diamagnetism. |
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Answer» Solution : (i) Paramagnetic substances OR Paramagnetism : If a substance has atom, ions or molecules with one or more unpaired electrons they are weakly attracted by magnetic field. Such substances are called paramagnetic. These substances are magnetised in magnetic field in same direction and lose their magnetism in the ABSENCE of magnetic field. Examples: `O_2, Cu^(2+), Fe^(3+), Cr^(3+)` ETC. (ii) Diamagnetism OR Diamagnetic substances : The substances that are weakly repelled by magnetic field are KNOWN as diamagnetic. These substances have atoms with completely FILLED ORBITALS i.e. all electrons are paired. They are weakly magnetised in a magnetic field in opposite direction. Pairing of electrons cancels their magnetic moments and they lose their magnetic character. Ex : `H_2O, NaCl, C_6H_6` etc. |
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