ASCII: Binary numbers are coded to represent characters in the computer memory. Several codes are used for this purpose. One most commonly used code is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). ASCII has been adopted by several American computer manufacturers as their computer’s internal code. This code is popular in data communications, is used almost exclusively to represent data internally in microcomputers, and is frequently found in the larger computers produced by some vendors.

ASCII is of two types:

ASCII-7 and ASCII-8. ASCII-7 is a 7-bit code that represents 128 (27) different characters.

ASCII-8 is an extended version of ASCII-7. It is an 8-bit code that represents 256 (28) different characters rather than 128. e.g. (i) A is given ASCII code 65.

Now if we convert 65 into Binary form we get 01000001 → 1 byte In the same way, every character has its own ASCII value after converting into binary code stored on the computer.