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Explain the cause of magnetism in a substance. |
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Answer» Solution : The origin of magnetic properties in a substance is because of two types of MOTIONS of electrons : (i) Orbital motion around the nucleus (ii) Spin motion around its axis  An electron in an atom behaves like a tiny magnet. Electron being charged particle and undergoing these motions can be considered as a small loop of current which possesses a magnetic moment. Each electron thus has a PERMANENT spin and an orbital magnetic moment associated with it. Magnitude of magnetic moment is very small and is measured in the UNIT called Bohr magneton, `(mu_B)` which is EQUAL to `9.27 xx 10^(-24) "Am"^2`. On the basis of their magnetic properties the substances is classified as : (i) Paramagnetic (ii) Diamagnetic (iii) Ferromagnetic (iv) Antiferromagnetic and (v) Ferrimagnetic . |
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