1.

Explain the dehydration of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.

Answer»

Solution :Ethanol (primary) alcohol undergoes dehydration in presence of Conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)or Conc. H_(3)PO_(4)" at 443K`
`underset("Ethanol")(C_(2)H_(5)OH) underset(443K)overset("Conc."H_(2)SO_(4))to underset("Ethene")(C_(2)H_(4))+H_(2)O`
Isopropyl alcohol (secondary alcohol) undergo dehydration FORMING propene.
`underset("2-propanol")(CH_(3)underset(OH)underset(|)(CHCH_(3))) underset(440K)overset(85%//H_(2)SO_(4))to underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH)=CH_(2)+H_(2)O`
Tert-butyl alcohol undergo dehydration to form 2-methyl propene
`underset("Tert-butyl alcohol")(CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)overset(CH_(3))overset(|)(C)-OH) underset(358 K)overset(20% H_(2)OSO_(4))to underset("2-methyl propene")(CH_(3)-overset(CH_(3))overset(|)(C)=CH_(2)+H_(2)O`


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