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Explain the factors affecting the stability of the coordination compounds. |
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Answer» Solution :The stability of a coordination compound depends upon the FOLLOWING factors : (1) Charge density of the central metal ION : (i) The charge density is a ratio of the magnitude of the charge and the radius of the metal ion. (ii) Higher the charge density greater is the stability of the complex. (iii) For example the ionic radii of divalent ions `Cu^(2+) and Cd^(2+)` are 69 pm and 97 pm respectively hence charge density of `Cu^(2+)` ion is higher than that of `Cd^(2+)`. Therefore the complex `[Cu(NH_(3))_(4)]^(2+)` is more ions is, `Cd^(2+) LT Mn^(2+)ltFe^(2+)ltCo^(2+)ltNi^(2+)lt Cu^(2+)` (2) Nature of ligands : The ligands are Lewis bases since they donate pairs of electrons to the central metal ion in the complex forming coordinate bonds. Hence greater the basic strength of the ligands more is the tendency to donate electrons hence greater is the stability of the complex. For example, `CN^(-)` is more basic than `NH_(3)`. Hence cyano complexes of a metal ion are more stable than its ammine complexes. |
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