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Explain the following terms with suitable examples : (a) cationic detergents (b) anionic detergents and (iii) neutral detergents |
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Answer» Solution :(a) Cationic DETERGENTS are those which have cationic hydrophilic group. These are mostly ACETATES, chlorides or bromides of quanternary ammonium SALTS. For examples , cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride : `[CH_(3)(CH_(2))_(15)N(CH_(3))_(3)]^(+)Cl^(-)` (b) Anionic detergents are those which have anionic hydrophilic group. These are manufactured from long CHAIN alcohols. For example, sodium lauryl sulphate : `C_(11)H_(23)CH_(2)OSO_(3)Na` Sodium p-dodecyl benzene sulphonate  (c) Neutral detergents are esters of high MOLECULAR mass with fatty acids. These contain polar groups which can form hydrogen bonds woth water. For example, polythylene glycol stearate :`CH_(3)(CH_(2))_(16)COO(CH_(2)CH_(2)O)_(n)CH_(2)CH_(2)OH` |
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