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Explain the naming of salts with examples. |
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Answer» Solution :DERIVATION of names of salts: The name of a salt is basically derived from the ACID from which it is formed. The salts derived from the hyderacids are given names ending with 'ide' SUFFIX. If the salt contains a hydrogen, then hydrogen is added to the suffix. `{:("Formula of acid","Formula of base","Salt formed","Name of the salt"),(HC1,NaOH,NaC1,"Sodium chloride"),(H_(2)S,NaOH,Na_(2)S,"Sodium sulphide"),(H_(2)S,NaOH,NaHS,"Sodium hydrogen sulphide"):}` The salts derived from oxy acids are given names depending on the type of oxy acid. The salts of 'ous' acids are given 'ite' suffix and the salts of 'ic' acids are given 'ate' suffix. If hydrogen is present in the salt, hydrogen or bi is added to the name of the raddical. Examples `{:("Formula of acid","Formula of base","Formula of salt","Name of the salt"),(HH_(2)SO_(3),KOH,K_(2)SO_(3),"Potassium sulphite"),(,,KHSO_(3),"Potassium hydrogen sulphite"),(H_(2)SO_(4),NaOH,Na_(2)SO_(4),"Sodium sulphate"),(,,NaHSO_(4),"Sodium hydrogen sulphate"),(H_(3)PO_(4),NaOH,Na_(3)PO_(4),"Sodium phosphate"),(,,Na_(2)HPO_(4),"Disodium hydrogen phosphate"),(,,NaH_(2)PO_(4),"Sodium dihydrogen phosphate"):}` In the same way, the salts of nitrous acid and nitric acidare called nitrites and nitrates respectively. The salts of carbonic acid are called carbonates and bicarbonates of hydrogen carbonates. The positive ion part is called basic radical and the negative ion part is called acidic radical. |
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