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Explain the reaction of metals with nitric acid. |
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Answer» Solution :The reaction of metals with nitric acid are explained in 3 steps as follows: Primary reaction : Metal nitrate is formed with the RELEASE of nascent hydrogen `M+HNO_(3)rarr MnO_(3)+(H)` SECONDARY reaction : Nascent hydrogen PRODUCES the reduction products of nitric acid. `HNO_(3)+2H rarr underset("Nitrous acid")(HNO_(2)+H_(2)O)` `HNO_(3)+6Hrarr underset("Hydroxylamine")(NH_(2)OG+2H_(2)O)` `HNO_(3)+8Hrarr underset("Ammonia")(NH_(3))+3H_(2)O` `2HNO_(3)+8H rarr underset("Hypop nitrous acid")(H_(2)N_(2)O_(2))+4H_(2)O` Tertiary reaction : The secondary products either decompose or react to give final products `underset("Nitrous acid")(3HNO_(2))rarr underset("Nitric acid")(HNO_(3))+underset("Nitric oxide")(2NO+H_(2)O)` Tertiary reacton : The secondary products either decompose or react to give finalproducts `underset("Nitrous acid")(3HNO_(2))rarr underset("Nitric acid")(HNO_(3))+underset("Nitric oxide")(2NO)+H_(2)O` `undeerset("Nitrous acid")(2HNO_(2))rarr underset("Dinitrogentrioxide")(N_(2)O_(3))+H_(2)O` `underset("Hypo nitrous acid")(H_(2)N_(2)O_(2))rarr underset("Nitrouc oxide")` For examples : Copper reacts with nitric acid in the following manner `3Cu+6HNO_(3)rarr 3Cu(NO_(3))_(2)+6(H)` `6(H)+3HNO_(3)rarr 3HNO_(2)+3H_(2)O` `3HNO_(2)rarr HNO_(3)+2NO+H_(2)O` Overall reaction `3Cu+8HNO_(3)rarr 3Cu(NO_(3))_(2)+2NO+4H_(2)O` The concentrated acid has a tendency to FORM nitrogen dioxide `Cu+4HNO_(3)rarr Cu(NO_(3))_(2)+2NO_(2)+2H_(2)O` |
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