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| 1. |
Explain the structure of heart with the help of a diagram and a flow chart. |
| Answer» <p>Parts of the Heart</p><p>As you can see in the above diagram, heart consists of various parts. So, as we discuss the various parts, you keep checking out the parts simultaneously in the above given labeled diagram of the human heart. This will help you to understand the functioning of its different parts.</p><p>PericardiumHuman heart is covered by a double layered structure which is known as pericardium. The outer layer is associated with the major blood vessels whereas the inner layer is attached to the cardiac muscles. These layers are separated by a pericardial fluid. This covering is like a membrane which holds all the parts of the heart.</p><p>ChambersHeart is divided into four chambers, left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle. Atriums are the upper chambers of the heart, whereas ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart. All these chambers are separated by a layer of tissues known as septum. Left side of the chamber is associated with the circulation of the oxygenated blood and the right side receives the deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body.</p><p>ValvesThere are four valves in the heart namely bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve and aortic valve. They help in preventing the back flow of the blood from one chamber to other. This maintains a proper one directional blood flow throughout the process. Bicuspid valve is present between the left atrium and left ventricle whereas tricuspid valve is present between the right atrium and right ventricle. Pulmonary valve behaves as a gate which stops the back flow of blood from right ventricle to the pulmonary artery which takes the deoxygenated blood to the lungs for purification. Lastly the aortic valve, this valve plays an important role in stopping the back flow of the blood from left ventricle to the aorta. Once the blood is transferred to the aorta it supplies the oxygenated blood to different parts of the body.</p><p>Blood VesselsBlood vessels are the blood carriers in a human body. These play a very vital role in the supply of blood to various parts of the body. Blood vessels can be of two types, veins and arteries. All the veins (except pulmonary vein) are involved in carrying the deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body to the heart whereas all the arteries (except pulmonary artery) are involved in supplying oxygenated blood from the heart to different parts of the body.</p> | |