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Explain Victor Meyer's test used to distinguish 1^@, 2^@ and 3^@ alcohols. |
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Answer» Solution :Victor Meyer.s test: This test is BASED on the behaviour of nitro alkanes formed by the THREE types of alcohols with nitrous acid and it consists of the following steps. (i) Alcohols are converted into alkyl iodide by treating with `I_2//P`. (ii) Alkyl iodides so formed is then treated with `AgNO_2` to form nitro alkane. (iii) Nitro alkanes are finally treated with `HNO_2` (mixture of `NaNO_2//HCI`) and the resultant solution is made alkaline with KOH. Result : PRIMARY alcohol gives red colour Secondary alcohol gives blue colour. No colouration will be observed in tertiary alcohol.  `3^@` aochol : `underset("2 - methyylpropan -2 -ol")(CH_3 - underset(CH_3)underset(|)overset(CH_3)overset(|)C- OH)overset(P//I_2)to underset("2 - IODO - 2- methylpropane")(CH_3-underset(CH_3)underset(|)overset(CH_3)overset(|)C-I) overset(AgSO_2)to underset("2-methyl-2-nitropropane")(CH_3-underset(CH_3)underset(|)overset(CH_3)overset(|)C-NO_2) overset(HONO)to underset(("No colouration with KOH"))("NO reaction")` |
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