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Give classification of monohydric alcohols based on -OH group bonded to sp^(3) and sp^(2) carbon. |
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Answer» Solution :(a) The monohydric alcohols having `SP^(3)` C-OH bond is classified as follows: (i) Primary (`1^(@)`), Secondary (`2^(@)`), Tertiary (`3^(@)`) alcohols : In these three types of alcohols, the OH group is BONDED to primary, secondary and tertiary carbon respectively. `underset("Primary"(1^(@))(-CH_(2)-OH) (##KPK_AIO_CHE_XII_P2_C11_E01_003_S01.png" width="80%"> (ii) Allylic alcohols : The alcohols in which the -OH group is bonded to sp carbon present adjacent to  are called allylic alcohols. These are further classified as primary allylic, secondary allylic and tertiary allylic alcohols. `CH_(2)= underset("Primary")(CH- CH_(2)-OH)` `underset("Secondary")(CH_(2)= underset(|)underset(-C-)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)CH-C-OH) "" underset("Tertiary")(CH_(2)= CH-underset(|)underset(-C-)underset(|)overset(-C-)overset(|) C-OH)` (iii)BENZYLIC alcohols : In these alcohols, the -OH group is bonded to `sp^(3)` carbon next to an aromatic ring. These are further classified as primary benzylic, secondary benzylic and tertiary benzylic alcohols.  (b) Alcohols in which-Oh is bonded to `sp^(2)` carbon: The alcohols in which the -OH group is bonded to `sp^(2)` carbon directly are called vinylic alcohols. 
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