Give reason: (i) AlCl3 a lewis acid? (ii) Silicones are used in wate

1.	Give reason: (i) AlCl3 a lewis acid? (ii) Silicones are used in water proofing materials.
Answer» (i) Due to the electronegativity differences between CI (3.16) and AI (1.61), CI makes a good electron-withdrawing group in AlCl₃. Furthermore, AI must access both its 2s and its three 2p orbitals to bond, so it uses sp³ hybridisation (one 2s and three 2p orbitals), giving it four bonding orbitals (one of which is empty as AlCl₃ ). This allows it to form a fourth bond and acquire a tetrahedral structure as [AlCl₄⁻]⁻. With one empty orbital and three electron- withdrawing Cl atoms attached, the compound is thus an electron-acceptor at the Al center. By definition, that is a Lewis acid. (ii) Silicones are aryl or alkyl substituted silicon chloride R_n SiCl (4 − n). The non- polar alkyl groups are water repelling, so they are used in water proofing materials.

Give reason: (i) AlCl3 a lewis acid? (ii) Silicones are used in water proofing materials.

Answer»

(i) Due to the electronegativity differences between CI (3.16) and AI (1.61), CI makes a good electron-withdrawing group in AlCl₃.

Furthermore, AI must access both its 2s and its three 2p orbitals to bond, so it uses sp³ hybridisation (one 2s and three 2p orbitals), giving it four bonding orbitals (one of which is empty as AlCl₃ ). This allows it to form a fourth bond and acquire a tetrahedral structure as [AlCl₄⁻]⁻. With one empty orbital and three electron- withdrawing Cl atoms attached, the compound is thus an electron-acceptor at the Al center. By definition, that is a Lewis acid.

(ii) Silicones are aryl or alkyl substituted silicon chloride R_n SiCl (4 − n). The non- polar alkyl groups are water repelling, so they are used in water proofing materials.

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