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Give reasons: (i) p-Nitrobenzoic acid and higher K_(a) value than benzoic acid. (ii) Acetone is highly soluble in water but benzophenone is not. |
Answer» Solution :(i) p-Nitrobenzoic acid has higher `K_(a)` value than benzoic acid.  Nitro group is electron-withdrawing group. It tends to release more protons from the carboxylic group. THUS, the dissociation of p-Nitrobenzoic acid TAKES place to a greater extent compared to benzoic acid. Hence, p-Nitrobenzoic acid has greater `K_(a)` value than benzoic acid.  (ii) Acetone is highly soluble in water but benzophenone is not : Acetone is highly soluble in water because of hydrogen bonding. Benzophenone is not soluble in water because it does not form hydrogen BOND with water because of steric HINDERANCE of bulky phenyl GROUPS. |
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