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How are 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane and 2-methyl-2- nitropropane are distinguished from each other using nitrous acid ? |
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Answer» Solution :Primary, SECONDARY and tertiary nitroalkanes are distinguished on the BASIS of their REACTION with freshly prepared nitrous `(HNO_(2))` -a mixture of sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid. `NaNO_(2)+HCl to NaNO_(2)+HNO_(2)` Primary nitroalkanes react with nitrous acid to from blue coloured nitroso - nitroalkanes (acid from) which dissolve in NaOH to given RED solutions.  Secondary nitroalkanes reach with nitrous acid to from blue coloured nitroso - nitroalkanes. As nitroso-nitroalkane do not have `alpha`- HYDROGEN atom hence are insoluble in NaOH.  Tertiary nitroalkanes (2-methy1-2-nitropropane) do not react with nitrous acid since they do not contrain `alpha`-hydrogen atom. |
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