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Answer» Inheritance gives the power to a class to access all attributes and methods of another class. It aids in CODE reusability and helps the developer to maintain applications without redundant code. The class INHERITING from another class is a child class or also called a derived class. The class from which a child class derives the members are called parent class or superclass. Python supports different kinds of inheritance, they are: - Single Inheritance: Child class derives members of one parent class.
# Parent classclass ParentClass: def par_func(self): print("I am parent class function")# Child classclass ChildClass(ParentClass): def child_func(self): print("I am child class function")# Driver codeobj1 = ChildClass()obj1.par_func()obj1.child_func()- Multi-level Inheritance: The members of the parent class, A, are INHERITED by child class which is then inherited by another child class, B. The features of the BASE class and the derived class are further inherited into the new derived class, C. Here, A is the grandfather class of class C.
# Parent classclass A: def __init__(self, a_name): self.a_name = a_name # Intermediate classclass B(A): def __init__(self, b_name, a_name): self.b_name = b_name # invoke constructor of class A A.__init__(self, a_name)# Child classclass C(B): def __init__(self,c_name, b_name, a_name): self.c_name = c_name # invoke constructor of class B B.__init__(self, b_name, a_name) def display_names(self): print("A name : ", self.a_name) print("B name : ", self.b_name) print("C name : ", self.c_name)# Driver codeobj1 = C('child', 'intermediate', 'parent')print(obj1.a_name)obj1.display_names() - Multiple Inheritance: This is ACHIEVED when one child class derives members from more than one parent class. All features of parent classes are inherited in the child class.
# Parent class1class Parent1: def parent1_func(self): print("Hi I am first Parent")# Parent class2class Parent2: def parent2_func(self): print("Hi I am second Parent")# Child classclass Child(Parent1, Parent2): def child_func(self): self.parent1_func() self.parent2_func()# Driver's codeobj1 = Child()obj1.child_func()- Hierarchical Inheritance: When a parent class is derived by more than one child class, it is called hierarchical inheritance.
# Base classclass A: def a_func(self): print("I am from the parent class.")# 1st Derived classclass B(A): def b_func(self): print("I am from the first child.")# 2nd Derived classclass C(A): def c_func(self): print("I am from the second child.") # Driver's codeobj1 = B()obj2 = C()obj1.a_func()obj1.b_func() #child 1 methodobj2.a_func()obj2.c_func() #child 2 method
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