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How is ammonia manufactured? |
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Answer» Solution :(1) Ammonia is manufactured on a large scale by HABER's process. (2) In this process, N, and H, gases are ALLOWED to react at high pressure of `200 x 10_(5)` Pa (200 atm) and temperature of 700 K. (3) The best catalyst used is highly porous finely divided iron with small amount of promoters like Moor `K_(2)O` and `Al_(2)O_(3)`whichhelp to attain chemicalequilibrium fast. `N_(2(g)) + 3H_(2(g)) underset(200 "atm")overset( 700K)to 2NH_(3(g))""Delta_(f)H =- 46.1 kJ MOL^(-1)`  (4) Since in the reaction, there is a decrease in number of moles, according to Le Chatelier's principle, increase in pressure will GIVE more ammonia. (5)Asshown in the flow chart `N_(2)`and `H_(2)` in theproportionof 1:3are fed in thecompressorand passedovercatalystwhichgives `NH_(3)`unreaccted `N_(2),H_(2)`alongwith `NH_(3)`is furthercompressed to formliquefied`NH_(3)`which is collectedat thebase. |
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