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How is cementmanufactured ? Mention theareas of application ofcement. |
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Answer» Solution :Manufacture of cement : The raw MATERIALS used for manufacture of Portland cement are limestone and clay. Cement can be produced in two different processes. (i) Dry process (ii) Wet process In thedryprocess, limestone and clay are used in definiteproportion to achieve the desired property of the cement. The mixture is pulverized (making fine powder) using pulverizer and then heated to ` 1500^(@) C " to "1600^(@)C` to form clinkers (nodules of mixed powder which becomes very HARD after heating). These clinkers are again pulverized to form fine powder and small quantity of gypsum is added andthus cement is produced. In wet process, water is added to the pulverized mixture and a slurry is obtained . Then the slurry is strongly heated to form clinkers. USES of cement Grouting : Grouting is a technique used in construction activities. Pure cement or cementmixed with SAND and water in definite proportion is applied in the gaps of construction material like bricks, tiles etc., for making the surface smooth and STRENGTHENING the structure. Cement mortar:It is a construction material prepared by mixing cement and sand in the ratio of ` 1: 4` by weight. This mixture is converted into thick slurry by adding required quantity of water. It is used for joining bricks and plastering. Concrete : It is also a construction material prepared bymixing cement, gravel and sand in the ratio of ` 1:2:3` by weight and required quantity of water . It is used for casting roofs, pillars, beams etc. Reinforced cement concrete (RCC): When cement concrete is reinforced usingstructural steel, it is called reinforced cement concrete. RCC provides huge strength and durability to the structure. It is used for theconstruction of bridges, railway sleepers, prefabricated structures, columns, beams roofs etc. |
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