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How many are the following compounds prepared by hydrationof alkenes: 1. Ethyl alcohol 2. Isopropyl alcohol 3. Tert-butyl alcohol? |
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Answer» Solution :1. When ethen is passed through cold 98% `H_(2)SO_(4)`, ethyl hydrogen sulphate is formed, which on heating with water gives ethanol. `underset("ethene")(CH_(2))=CH_(2) + underset(98%)(HOSO_(3)H)to underset("ethyl hydrogen sulphate")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-OSO_(3)H)` `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-OSO_(3)H+H_(2)O overset("boil")(to) underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-OH+HOSO_(3)H)` 2. Propene wiht cold 80% `H_(2)SO_(4)` gives isopropyl hydrogen sulphate which further on bioling with water gives isopropyl alcohol. `underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH=CH_(2) underset("cold 80% cone")(HOSO_(3)H) toCH_(3) -underset ("isopropyl hydrogen sulphate")underset(OSO_(3)H) underset(|) (CH_(3)-CH-CH_(3))` `CH_(3) underset(OSO_(3)H)underset(|)(CH)-CH_(3)+H_(2)Ooverset("boil")(to)CH_(3) underset("isopropyl alcohol")underset(|)(CH)-CH_(3)` 3. 2-Methylpropene (isobutylene) directly reacts with `50% H_(2)SO_(4)` giving tert-tutyl hydrogen suphate, which when heated with water gives tert- butyl alcohol, `CH_(3)-underset(("isobutylene"))underset(2-"methylpropene")underset(CH_(3)) underset(|) overset(CH_(2)) overset(||)(C)+HO-underset((50%))(SO_(3)H)tounderset("tert-butyl hydrogen sulphate") underset(CH_(3))underset(|)overset(CH_(3))overset(|)(C)-O-SO_(3)H` `CH_(3) -underset(CH_(3))underset(|)overset(CH_(3)) overset(|)(C)-O-SO_(3)H+H_(2)Ooverset("heat")(to) CH_(3) underset("tert-butyl alcohol") underset(CH_(3)) underset(|)overset(CH_(3)) overset(|)(C)-OH+H_(2)SO_(4)` |
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