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How will you distinguish 1^@ and 2^@ hydroxyl groups present in glucose ? Explain with reactions. |
Answer» Solution :The `-OH` group present on the terminal carbon atom (i.e., `C_6`) is called the `1^@` hydroxyl group while all the four remaining OH groups present on `C_2,C_3,C_4 and C_5` are called`2^@` hydroxyl groups. `1^@` Hydroxyl groups are easily oxidised to give carboxylic acids but `2^@` hydroxyl groups UNDERGO oxidation only under DRASTIC CONDITIONS. For example , GLUCOSE on oxidation with `HN_3` gives a dicarboxylic acid, saccharic acid having the same number of carbon atoms as glucose. This indicates that glucose contains ONE `1^@` hydroxyl group while the remaining four are `2^@` hydroxyl groups. 
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